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CHAPTER SIX

The Progeny of the Daughters of Dakṣa

As described in this chapter, Prajāpati Dakṣa begot sixty daughters in the womb of his wife Asiknī. These daughters were given in charity to various persons to increase the population. Since these offspring of Dakṣa were women, Nārada Muni did not try to lead them toward the renounced order of life. Thus the daughters were saved from Nārada Muni. Ten of the daughters were given in marriage to Dharmarāja, thirteen to Kaśyapa Muni, and twenty-seven to the moon-god, Candra. In this way fifty daughters were distributed, and of the other ten daughters, four were given to Kaśyapa and two each to Bhūta, Aṅgirā and Kṛśāśva. One should know that it is because of the union of these sixty daughters with various exalted personalities that the entire universe was filled with various kinds of living entities, such as human beings, demigods, demons, beasts, birds and serpents.

Devanagari

श्रीशुक उवाच
तत: प्राचेतसोऽसिक्‍न्यामनुनीत: स्वयम्भुवा ।
षष्टिं सञ्जनयामास दुहितृ: पितृवत्सला: ॥ १ ॥

Text

śrī-śuka uvāca
tataḥ prācetaso ’siknyām
anunītaḥ svayambhuvā
ṣaṣṭiṁ sañjanayām āsa
duhitṝḥ pitṛ-vatsalāḥ

Synonyms

śrī-śukaḥ uvāca — Śrī Śukadeva Gosvāmī said; tataḥ — after that incident; prācetasaḥ — Dakṣa; asiknyām — in his wife named Asiknī; anunītaḥ — pacified; svayambhuvā — by Lord Brahmā; ṣaṣṭim — sixty; sañjanayām āsa — begot; duhitṝḥ — daughters; pitṛ-vatsalāḥ — all very affectionate to their father.

Translation

Śrī Śukadeva Gosvāmī said: My dear King, thereafter, at the request of Lord Brahmā, Prajāpati Dakṣa, who is known as Prācetasa, begot sixty daughters in the womb of his wife Asiknī. All the daughters were very affectionate toward their father.

Purport

After the incidents concerning the loss of his many sons, Dakṣa repented his misunderstanding with Nārada Muni. Lord Brahmā then saw Dakṣa and instructed him to beget children again. This time Dakṣa was very cautious to beget female children instead of male children so that Nārada Muni would not disturb them by urging them to accept the renounced order. Females are not meant for the renounced order of life; they should be faithful to their good husbands, for if a husband is competent for liberation, his wife will also achieve liberation with him. As stated in the śāstra, the results of a husband’s pious activities are shared by his wife. Therefore a woman’s duty is to be very chaste and faithful to her husband. Then without separate endeavor she will share in all the profit the husband earns.

Devanagari

दश धर्माय कायादाद्द्विषट्त्रिणव चेन्दवे ।
भूताङ्गिर:कृशाश्वेभ्यो द्वे द्वे तार्क्ष्याय चापरा: ॥ २ ॥

Text

daśa dharmāya kāyādād
dvi-ṣaṭ tri-ṇava cendave
bhūtāṅgiraḥ-kṛśāśvebhyo
dve dve tārkṣyāya cāparāḥ

Synonyms

daśa — ten; dharmāya — unto King Dharma, Yamarāja; kāya — unto Kaśyapa; adāt — gave; dvi-ṣaṭ — twice six and one (thirteen); tri-nava — thrice nine (twenty-seven); ca — also; indave — unto the moon-god; bhūta-aṅgiraḥ-kṛśāśvebhyaḥ — unto Bhūta, Aṅgirā and Kṛśāśva; dve dve — two each; tārkṣyāya — again unto Kaśyapa; ca — and; aparāḥ — the balance.

Translation

He gave ten daughters in charity to Dharmarāja [Yamarāja], thirteen to Kaśyapa [first twelve and then one more], twenty-seven to the moon-god, and two each to Aṅgirā, Kṛśāśva and Bhūta. The other four daughters were given to Kaśyapa. [Thus Kaśyapa received seventeen daughters in all.]

Devanagari

नामधेयान्यमूषां त्वं सापत्यानां च मे श‍ृणु ।
यासां प्रसूतिप्रसवैर्लोका आपूरितास्त्रय: ॥ ३ ॥

Text

nāmadheyāny amūṣāṁ tvaṁ
sāpatyānāṁ ca me śṛṇu
yāsāṁ prasūti-prasavair
lokā āpūritās trayaḥ

Synonyms

nāmadheyāni — the different names; amūṣām — of them; tvam — you; sa-apatyānām — with their offspring; ca — and; me — from me; śṛṇu — please hear; yāsām — of all of whom; prasūti-prasavaiḥ — by so many children and descendants; lokāḥ — the worlds; āpūritāḥ — populated; trayaḥ — three (the upper, middle and lower worlds).

Translation

Now please hear from me the names of all these daughters and their descendants, who filled all the three worlds.

Devanagari

भानुर्लम्बा ककुद्यामिर्विश्वा साध्या मरुत्वती ।
वसुर्मुहूर्ता सङ्कल्पा धर्मपत्‍न्य: सुताञ्शृणु ॥ ४ ॥

Text

bhānur lambā kakud yāmir
viśvā sādhyā marutvatī
vasur muhūrtā saṅkalpā
dharma-patnyaḥ sutāñ śṛṇu

Synonyms

bhānuḥ — Bhānu; lambā — Lambā; kakut — Kakud; yāmiḥ — Yāmi; viśvā — Viśvā; sādhyā — Sādhyā; marutvatī — Marutvatī; vasuḥ — Vasu; muhūrtā — Muhūrtā; saṅkalpā — Saṅkalpā; dharma-patnyaḥ — the wives of Yamarāja; sutān — their sons; śṛṇu — now hear of.

Translation

The ten daughters given to Yamarāja were named Bhānu, Lambā, Kakud, Yāmi, Viśvā, Sādhyā, Marutvatī, Vasu, Muhūrtā and Saṅkalpā. Now hear the names of their sons.

Devanagari

भानोस्तु देवऋषभ इन्द्रसेनस्ततो नृप ।
विद्योत आसील्लम्बायास्ततश्च स्तनयित्नव: ॥ ५ ॥

Text

bhānos tu deva-ṛṣabha
indrasenas tato nṛpa
vidyota āsīl lambāyās
tataś ca stanayitnavaḥ

Synonyms

bhānoḥ — from the womb of Bhānu; tu — of course; deva-ṛṣabhaḥ — Deva-ṛṣabha; indrasenaḥ — Indrasena; tataḥ — from him (Deva-ṛṣabha); nṛpa — O King; vidyotaḥ — Vidyota; āsīt — appeared; lambāyāḥ — from the womb of Lambā; tataḥ — from him; ca — and; stanayitnavaḥ — all the clouds.

Translation

O King, a son named Deva-ṛṣabha was born from the womb of Bhānu, and from him came a son named Indrasena. From the womb of Lambā came a son named Vidyota, who generated all the clouds.

Devanagari

ककुद: सङ्कटस्तस्य कीकटस्तनयो यत: ।
भुवो दुर्गाणि यामेय: स्वर्गो नन्दिस्ततोऽभवत् ॥ ६ ॥

Text

kakudaḥ saṅkaṭas tasya
kīkaṭas tanayo yataḥ
bhuvo durgāṇi yāmeyaḥ
svargo nandis tato ’bhavat

Synonyms

kakudaḥ — from the womb of Kakud; saṅkaṭaḥ — Saṅkaṭa; tasya — from him; kīkaṭaḥ — Kīkaṭa; tanayaḥ — son; yataḥ — from whom; bhuvaḥ — of the earth; durgāṇi — many demigods, protectors of this universe (which is called Durgā); yāmeyaḥ — of Yāmi; svargaḥ — Svarga; nandiḥ — Nandi; tataḥ — from him (Svarga); abhavat — was born.

Translation

From the womb of Kakud came the son named Saṅkaṭa, whose son was named Kīkaṭa. From Kīkaṭa came the demigods named Durgā. From Yāmi came the son named Svarga, whose son was named Nandi.

Devanagari

विश्वेदेवास्तु विश्वाया अप्रजांस्तान् प्रचक्षते ।
साध्योगणश्च साध्याया अर्थसिद्धिस्तु तत्सुत: ॥ ७ ॥

Text

viśve-devās tu viśvāyā
aprajāṁs tān pracakṣate
sādhyo-gaṇaś ca sādhyāyā
arthasiddhis tu tat-sutaḥ

Synonyms

viśve-devāḥ — the demigods named the Viśvadevas; tu — but; viśvāyāḥ — from Viśvā; aprajān — without sons; tān — them; pracakṣate — it is said; sādhyaḥ-gaṇaḥ — the demigods named the Sādhyas; ca — and; sādhyāyāḥ — from the womb of Sādhya; arthasiddhiḥ — Arthasiddhi; tu — but; tat-sutaḥ — the son of the Sādhyas.

Translation

The sons of Viśvā were the Viśvadevas, who had no progeny. From the womb of Sādhyā came the Sādhyas, who had a son named Arthasiddhi.

Devanagari

मरुत्वांश्च जयन्तश्च मरुत्वत्या बभूवतु: ।
जयन्तो वासुदेवांश उपेन्द्र इति यं विदु: ॥ ८ ॥

Text

marutvāṁś ca jayantaś ca
marutvatyā babhūvatuḥ
jayanto vāsudevāṁśa
upendra iti yaṁ viduḥ

Synonyms

marutvān — Marutvān; ca — also; jayantaḥ — Jayanta; ca — and; marutvatyāḥ — from Marutvatī; babhūvatuḥ — took birth; jayantaḥ — Jayanta; vāsudeva-aṁśaḥ — an expansion of Vāsudeva; upendraḥ — Upendra; iti — thus; yam — whom; viduḥ — they know.

Translation

The two sons who took birth from the womb of Marutvatī were Marutvān and Jayanta. Jayanta, who is an expansion of Lord Vāsudeva, is known as Upendra.

Devanagari

मौहूर्तिका देवगणा मुहूर्तायाश्च जज्ञिरे ।
ये वै फलं प्रयच्छन्ति भूतानां स्वस्वकालजम् ॥ ९ ॥

Text

mauhūrtikā deva-gaṇā
muhūrtāyāś ca jajñire
ye vai phalaṁ prayacchanti
bhūtānāṁ sva-sva-kālajam

Synonyms

mauhūrtikāḥ — Mauhūrtikas; deva-gaṇāḥ — the demigods; muhūrtāyāḥ — from the womb of Muhūrtā; ca — and; jajñire — took birth; ye — all of whom; vai — indeed; phalam — result; prayacchanti — deliver; bhūtānām — of the living entities; sva-sva — their own; kāla-jam — born of time.

Translation

The demigods named the Mauhūrtikas took birth from the womb of Muhūrtā. These demigods deliver the results of actions to the living entities of their respective times.

Devanagari

सङ्कल्पायास्तु सङ्कल्प: काम: सङ्कल्पज: स्मृत: ।
वसवोऽष्टौ वसो: पुत्रास्तेषां नामानि मे श‍ृणु ॥ १० ॥
द्रोण: प्राणो ध्रुवोऽर्कोऽग्निर्दोषो वास्तुर्विभावसु: ।
द्रोणस्याभिमते: पत्‍न्या हर्षशोकभयादय: ॥ ११ ॥

Text

saṅkalpāyās tu saṅkalpaḥ
kāmaḥ saṅkalpajaḥ smṛtaḥ
vasavo ’ṣṭau vasoḥ putrās
teṣāṁ nāmāni me śṛṇu
droṇaḥ prāṇo dhruvo ’rko ’gnir
doṣo vāstur vibhāvasuḥ
droṇasyābhimateḥ patnyā
harṣa-śoka-bhayādayaḥ

Synonyms

saṅkalpāyāḥ — from the womb of Saṅkalpā; tu — but; saṅkalpaḥ — Saṅkalpa; kāmaḥ — Kāma; saṅkalpa-jaḥ — the son of Saṅkalpā; smṛtaḥ — known; vasavaḥ aṣṭau — the eight Vasus; vasoḥ — of Vasu; putrāḥ — the sons; teṣām — of them; nāmāni — the names; me — from me; śṛṇu — just hear; droṇaḥ — Droṇa; prāṇaḥ — Prāṇa; dhruvaḥ — Dhruva; arkaḥ — Arka; agniḥ — Agni; doṣaḥ — Doṣa; vāstuḥ — Vāstu; vibhāvasuḥ — Vibhāvasu; droṇasya — of Droṇa; abhimateḥ — from Abhimati; patnyāḥ — the wife; harṣa-śoka-bhaya-ādayaḥ — the sons named Harṣa, Śoka, Bhaya and so on.

Translation

The son of Saṅkalpā was known as Saṅkalpa, and from him lust was born. The sons of Vasu were known as the eight Vasus. Just hear their names from me: Droṇa, Prāṇa, Dhruva, Arka, Agni, Doṣa, Vāstu and Vibhāvasu. From Abhimati, the wife of the Vasu named Droṇa, were generated the sons named Harṣa, Śoka, Bhaya and so on.

Devanagari

प्राणस्योर्जस्वती भार्या सह आयु: पुरोजव: ।
ध्रुवस्य भार्या धरणिरसूत विविधा: पुर: ॥ १२ ॥

Text

prāṇasyorjasvatī bhāryā
saha āyuḥ purojavaḥ
dhruvasya bhāryā dharaṇir
asūta vividhāḥ puraḥ

Synonyms

prāṇasya — of Prāna; ūrjasvatī — Ūrjasvatī; bhāryā — the wife; sahaḥ — Saha; āyuḥ — Āyus; purojavaḥ — Purojava; dhruvasya — of Dhruva; bhāryā — the wife; dharaṇiḥ — Dharaṇi; asūta — gave birth to; vividhāḥ — the various; puraḥ — cities and towns.

Translation

Ūrjasvatī, the wife of Prāṇa, gave birth to three sons, named Saha, Āyus and Purojava. The wife of Dhruva was known as Dharaṇi, and from her womb various cities took birth.

Devanagari

अर्कस्य वासना भार्या पुत्रास्तर्षादय: स्मृता: ।
अग्नेर्भार्या वसोर्धारा पुत्रा द्रविणकादय: ॥ १३ ॥

Text

arkasya vāsanā bhāryā
putrās tarṣādayaḥ smṛtāḥ
agner bhāryā vasor dhārā
putrā draviṇakādayaḥ

Synonyms

arkasya — of Arka; vāsanā — Vāsanā; bhāryā — the wife; putrāḥ — the sons; tarṣa-ādayaḥ — named Tarṣa and so on; smṛtāḥ — celebrated; agneḥ — of Agni; bhāryā — wife; vasoḥ — the Vasu; dhārā — Dhārā; putrāḥ — the sons; draviṇaka-ādayaḥ — known as Draviṇaka and so on.

Translation

From the womb of Vāsanā, the wife of Arka, came many sons, headed by Tarṣa. Dhārā, the wife of the Vasu named Agni, gave birth to many sons, headed by Draviṇaka.

Devanagari

स्कन्दश्च कृत्तिकापुत्रो ये विशाखादयस्तत: ।
दोषस्य शर्वरीपुत्र: शिशुमारो हरे: कला ॥ १४ ॥

Text

skandaś ca kṛttikā-putro
ye viśākhādayas tataḥ
doṣasya śarvarī-putraḥ
śiśumāro hareḥ kalā

Synonyms

skandaḥ — Skanda; ca — also; kṛttikā-putraḥ — the son of Kṛttikā; ye — all of whom; viśākha-ādayaḥ — headed by Viśākha; tataḥ — from him (Skanda); doṣasya — of Doṣa; śarvarī-putraḥ — the son of his wife Śarvarī; śiśumāraḥ — Śiśumāra; hareḥ kalā — an expansion of the Supreme Personality of Godhead.

Translation

From Kṛttikā, another wife of Agni, came the son named Skanda, Kārttikeya, whose sons were headed by Viśākha. From the womb of Śarvarī, the wife of the Vasu named Doṣa, came the son named Śiśumāra, who was an expansion of the Supreme Personality of Godhead.

Devanagari

वास्तोराङ्गिरसीपुत्रो विश्वकर्माकृतीपति: ।
ततो मनुश्चाक्षुषोऽभूद् विश्वे साध्या मनो: सुता: ॥ १५ ॥

Text

vāstor āṅgirasī-putro
viśvakarmākṛtī-patiḥ
tato manuś cākṣuṣo ’bhūd
viśve sādhyā manoḥ sutāḥ

Synonyms

vāstoḥ — of Vāstu; āṅgirasī — of his wife named Āṅgirasī; putraḥ — the son; viśvakarmā — Viśvakarmā; ākṛtī-patiḥ — the husband of Ākṛtī; tataḥ — from them; manuḥ cākṣuṣaḥ — the Manu named Cākṣuṣa; abhūt — was born; viśve — the Viśvadevas; sādhyāḥ — the Sādhyas; manoḥ — of Manu; sutāḥ — the sons.

Translation

From Āṅgirasī, the wife of the Vasu named Vāstu, was born the great architect Viśvakarmā. Viśvakarmā became the husband of Ākṛtī, from whom the Manu named Cākṣuṣa was born. The sons of Manu were known as the Viśvadevas and Sādhyas.

Devanagari

विभावसोरसूतोषा व्युष्टं रोचिषमातपम् ।
पञ्चयामोऽथ भूतानि येन जाग्रति कर्मसु ॥ १६ ॥

Text

vibhāvasor asūtoṣā
vyuṣṭaṁ rociṣam ātapam
pañcayāmo ’tha bhūtāni
yena jāgrati karmasu

Synonyms

vibhāvasoḥ — of Vibhāvasu; asūta — gave birth to; ūṣā — named Ūṣā; vyuṣṭam — Vyuṣṭa; rociṣam — Rociṣa; ātapam — Ātapa; pañcayāmaḥ — Pañcayāma; atha — thereafter; bhūtāni — the living entities; yena — by whom; jāgrati — are awakened; karmasu — in material activities.

Translation

Ūṣā, the wife of Vibhāvasu, gave birth to three sons — Vyuṣṭa, Rociṣa and Ātapa. From Ātapa came Pañcayāma, the span of day, who awakens all living entities to material activities.

Devanagari

सरूपासूत भूतस्य भार्या रुद्रांश्च कोटिश: ।
रैवतोऽजो भवो भीमो वाम उग्रो वृषाकपि: ॥ १७ ॥
अजैकपादहिर्ब्रध्नो बहुरूपो महानिति ।
रुद्रस्य पार्षदाश्चान्ये घोरा: प्रेतविनायका: ॥ १८ ॥

Text

sarūpāsūta bhūtasya
bhāryā rudrāṁś ca koṭiśaḥ
raivato ’jo bhavo bhīmo
vāma ugro vṛṣākapiḥ
ajaikapād ahirbradhno
bahurūpo mahān iti
rudrasya pārṣadāś cānye
ghorāḥ preta-vināyakāḥ

Synonyms

sarūpā — Sarūpā; asūta — gave birth; bhūtasya — of Bhūta; bhāryā — the wife; rudrān — Rudras; ca — and; koṭiśaḥ — ten million; raivataḥ — Raivata; ajaḥ — Aja; bhavaḥ — Bhava; bhīmaḥ — Bhīma; vāmaḥ — Vāma; ugraḥ — Ugra; vṛṣākapiḥ — Vṛṣākapi; ajaikapāt — Ajaikapāt; ahirbradhnaḥ — Ahirbradhna; bahurūpaḥ — Bahurūpa; mahān — Mahān; iti — thus; rudrasya — of these Rudras; pārṣadāḥ — their associates; ca — and; anye — other; ghorāḥ — very fearful; preta — ghosts; vināyakāḥ — and hobgoblins.

Translation

Sarūpā, the wife of Bhūta, gave birth to the ten million Rudras, of whom the eleven principle Rudras were Raivata, Aja, Bhava, Bhīma, Vāma, Ugra, Vṛṣākapi, Ajaikapāt, Ahirbradhna, Bahurūpa and Mahān. Their associates, the ghosts and goblins, who are very fearful, were born of the other wife of Bhūta.

Purport

Śrīla Viśvanātha Cakravartī Ṭhākura comments that Bhūta had two wives. One of them, Sarūpā, gave birth to the eleven Rudras, and the other wife gave birth to the associates of the Rudras known as the ghosts and hobgoblins.

Devanagari

प्रजापतेरङ्गिरस: स्वधा पत्नी पितृनथ ।
अथर्वाङ्गिरसं वेदं पुत्रत्वे चाकरोत् सती ॥ १९ ॥

Text

prajāpater aṅgirasaḥ
svadhā patnī pitṝn atha
atharvāṅgirasaṁ vedaṁ
putratve cākarot satī

Synonyms

prajāpateḥ aṅgirasaḥ — of another prajāpati, known as Aṅgirā; svadhā — Svadhā; patnī — his wife; pitṝn — the Pitās; atha — thereafter; atharva-āṅgirasam — Atharvāṅgirasa; vedam — the personified Veda; putratve — as the son; ca — and; akarot — accepted; satī — Satī.

Translation

The prajāpati Aṅgirā had two wives, named Svadhā and Satī. The wife named Svadhā accepted all the Pitās as her sons, and Satī accepted the Atharvāṅgirasa Veda as her son.

Devanagari

कृशाश्वोऽर्चिषि भार्यायां धूमकेतुमजीजनत् ।
धिषणायां वेदशिरो देवलं वयुनं मनुम् ॥ २० ॥

Text

kṛśāśvo ’rciṣi bhāryāyāṁ
dhūmaketum ajījanat
dhiṣaṇāyāṁ vedaśiro
devalaṁ vayunaṁ manum

Synonyms

kṛśāśvaḥ — Kṛśāśva; arciṣi — Arcis; bhāryāyām — in his wife; dhūmaketum — to Dhūmaketu; ajījanat — gave birth; dhiṣaṇāyām — in the wife known as Dhiṣaṇā; vedaśiraḥ — Vedaśirā; devalam — Devala; vayunam — Vayuna; manum — Manu.

Translation

Kṛśāśva had two wives, named Arcis and Dhiṣaṇā. In the wife named Arcis he begot Dhūmaketu and in Dhiṣaṇā he begot four sons, named Vedaśirā, Devala, Vayuna and Manu.

Devanagari

तार्क्ष्यस्य विनता कद्रू: पतङ्गी यामिनीति च ।
पतङ्गय‍सूत पतगान्यामिनी शलभानथ ॥ २१ ॥
सुपर्णासूत गरुडं साक्षाद् यज्ञेशवाहनम् ।
सूर्यसूतमनूरुं च कद्रूर्नागाननेकश: ॥ २२ ॥

Text

tārkṣyasya vinatā kadrūḥ
pataṅgī yāminīti ca
pataṅgy asūta patagān
yāminī śalabhān atha
suparṇāsūta garuḍaṁ
sākṣād yajñeśa-vāhanam
sūrya-sūtam anūruṁ ca
kadrūr nāgān anekaśaḥ

Synonyms

tārkṣyasya — of Kaśyapa, whose other name is Tārkṣya; vinatā — Vinatā; kadrūḥ — Kadrū; pataṅgī — Pataṅgī; yāminī — Yāminī; iti — thus; ca — and; pataṅgī — Pataṅgī; asūta — gave birth; patagān — to birds of different varieties; yāminī — Yāminī; śalabhān — (gave birth to) locusts; atha — thereafter; suparṇā — the wife named Vinatā; asūta — gave birth; garuḍam — to the celebrated bird known as Garuḍa; sākṣāt — directly; yajñeśa-vāhanam — the carrier of the Supreme Personality of Godhead, Viṣṇu; sūrya-sūtam — the chariot driver of the sun-god; anūrum — Anūru; ca — and; kadrūḥ — Kadrū; nāgān — serpents; anekaśaḥ — in varieties.

Translation

Kaśyapa, who is also named Tārkṣya, had four wives — Vinatā [Suparṇā], Kadrū, Pataṅgī and Yāminī. Pataṅgī gave birth to many kinds of birds, and Yāminī gave birth to locusts. Vinatā [Suparṇā] gave birth to Garuḍa, the carrier of Lord Viṣṇu, and to Anūru, or Aruṇa, the chariot driver of the sun-god. Kadrū gave birth to different varieties of serpents.

Devanagari

कृत्तिकादीनि नक्षत्राणीन्दो: पत्‍न्यस्तु भारत ।
दक्षशापात् सोऽनपत्यस्तासु यक्ष्मग्रहार्दित: ॥ २३ ॥

Text

kṛttikādīni nakṣatrāṇ-
īndoḥ patnyas tu bhārata
dakṣa-śāpāt so ’napatyas
tāsu yakṣma-grahārditaḥ

Synonyms

kṛttikā-ādīni — headed by Kṛttikā; nakṣatrāṇi — the constellations; indoḥ — of the moon-god; patnyaḥ — the wives; tu — but; bhārata — O Mahārāja Parīkṣit, descendant of the dynasty of Bharata; dakṣa-śāpāt — because of being cursed by Dakṣa; saḥ — the moon-god; anapatyaḥ — without children; tāsu — in so many wives; yakṣma-graha-arditaḥ — being oppressed by a disease that brings about gradual destruction.

Translation

O Mahārāja Parīkṣit, best of the Bhāratas, the constellations named Kṛttikā were all wives of the moon-god. However, because Prajāpati Dakṣa had cursed him to suffer from a disease causing gradual destruction, the moon-god could not beget children in any of his wives.

Purport

Because the moon-god was very much attached to Rohiṇī, he neglected all his other wives. Therefore, seeing the bereavement of these daughters, Prajāpati Dakṣa became angry and cursed him.

Devanagari

पुन: प्रसाद्य तं सोम: कला लेभे क्षये दिता: ।
श‍ृणु नामानि लोकानां मातृणां शङ्कराणि च ॥ २४ ॥
अथ कश्यपपत्नीनां यत्प्रसूतमिदं जगत् ।
अदितिर्दितिर्दनु: काष्ठा अरिष्टा सुरसा इला ॥ २५ ॥
मुनि: क्रोधवशा ताम्रा सुरभि: सरमा तिमि: ।
तिमेर्यादोगणा आसन् श्वापदा: सरमासुता: ॥ २६ ॥

Text

punaḥ prasādya taṁ somaḥ
kalā lebhe kṣaye ditāḥ
śṛṇu nāmāni lokānāṁ
mātṝṇāṁ śaṅkarāṇi ca
atha kaśyapa-patnīnāṁ
yat-prasūtam idaṁ jagat
aditir ditir danuḥ kāṣṭhā
ariṣṭā surasā ilā
muniḥ krodhavaśā tāmrā
surabhiḥ saramā timiḥ
timer yādo-gaṇā āsan
śvāpadāḥ saramā-sutāḥ

Synonyms

punaḥ — again; prasādya — pacifying; tam — him (Prajāpati Dakṣa); somaḥ — the moon-god; kalāḥ — portions of light; lebhe — achieved; kṣaye — in gradual destruction (the dark fortnight); ditāḥ — removed; śṛṇu — please hear; nāmāni — all the names; lokānām — of the planets; mātṝṇām — of the mothers; śaṅkarāṇi — pleasing; ca — also; atha — now; kaśyapa-patnīnām — of the wives of Kaśyapa; yat-prasūtam — from whom was born; idam — this; jagat — whole universe; aditiḥ — Aditi; ditiḥ — Diti; danuḥ — Danu; kāṣṭhā — Kāṣṭhā; ariṣṭā — Ariṣṭā; surasā — Surasā; ilā — Ilā; muniḥ — Muni; krodhavaśā — Krodhavaśā; tāmrā — Tāmrā; surabhiḥ — Surabhi; saramā — Saramā; timiḥ — Timi; timeḥ — from Timi; yādaḥ-gaṇāḥ — the aquatics; āsan — appeared; śvāpadāḥ — the ferocious animals like the lions and tigers; saramā-sutāḥ — the children of Saramā.

Translation

Thereafter the King of the moon pacified Prajāpati Dakṣa with courteous words and thus regained the portions of light he had lost during his disease. Nevertheless he could not beget children. The moon loses his shining power during the dark fortnight, and in the bright fortnight it is manifest again. O King Parīkṣit, now please hear from me the names of Kaśyapa’s wives, from whose wombs the population of the entire universe has come. They are the mothers of almost all the population of the entire universe, and their names are very auspicious to hear. They are Aditi, Diti, Danu, Kāṣṭhā, Ariṣṭā, Surasā, Ilā, Muni, Krodhavaśā, Tāmrā, Surabhi, Saramā and Timi. From the womb of Timi all the aquatics took birth, and from the womb of Saramā the ferocious animals like the tigers and lions took birth.

Devanagari

सुरभेर्महिषा गावो ये चान्ये द्विशफा नृप ।
ताम्राया: श्येनगृध्राद्या मुनेरप्सरसां गणा: ॥ २७ ॥

Text

surabher mahiṣā gāvo
ye cānye dviśaphā nṛpa
tāmrāyāḥ śyena-gṛdhrādyā
muner apsarasāṁ gaṇāḥ

Synonyms

surabheḥ — from the womb of Surabhi; mahiṣāḥ — buffalo; gāvaḥ — cows; ye — who; ca — also; anye — others; dvi-śaphāḥ — having cloven hooves; nṛpa — O King; tāmrāyāḥ — from Tāmrā; śyena — eagles; gṛdhra-ādyāḥ — vultures and so on; muneḥ — from Muni; apsarasām — of angels; gaṇāḥ — the groups.

Translation

My dear King Parīkṣit, from the womb of Surabhi the buffalo, cow and other animals with cloven hooves took birth, from the womb of Tāmrā the eagles, vultures and other large birds of prey took birth, and from the womb of Muni the angels took birth.

Devanagari

दन्दशूकादय: सर्पा राजन् क्रोधवशात्मजा: ।
इलाया भूरुहा: सर्वे यातुधानाश्च सौरसा: ॥ २८ ॥

Text

dandaśūkādayaḥ sarpā
rājan krodhavaśātmajāḥ
ilāyā bhūruhāḥ sarve
yātudhānāś ca saurasāḥ

Synonyms

dandaśūka-ādayaḥ — headed by the dandaśūka snakes; sarpāḥ — reptiles; rājan — O King; krodhavaśā-ātma-jāḥ — born from Krodhavaśā; ilāyāḥ — from the womb of Ilā; bhūruhāḥ — the creepers and trees; sarve — all; yātudhānāḥ — the cannibals (Rākṣasas); ca — also; saurasāḥ — from the womb of Surasā.

Translation

The sons born of Krodhavaśā were the serpents known as dandaśūka, as well as other serpents and the mosquitoes. All the various creepers and trees were born from the womb of Ilā. The Rākṣasas, bad spirits, were born from the womb of Surasā.

Devanagari

अरिष्टायास्तु गन्धर्वा: काष्ठाया द्विशफेतरा: ।
सुता दनोरेकषष्टिस्तेषां प्राधानिकाञ् श‍ृणु ॥ २९ ॥
द्विमूर्धा शम्बरोऽरिष्टो हयग्रीवो विभावसु: ।
अयोमुख: शङ्कुशिरा: स्वर्भानु: कपिलोऽरुण: ॥ ३० ॥
पुलोमा वृषपर्वा च एकचक्रोऽनुतापन: ।
धूम्रकेशो विरूपाक्षो विप्रचित्तिश्च दुर्जय: ॥ ३१ ॥

Text

ariṣṭāyās tu gandharvāḥ
kāṣṭhāyā dviśaphetarāḥ
sutā danor eka-ṣaṣṭis
teṣāṁ prādhānikāñ śṛṇu
dvimūrdhā śambaro ’riṣṭo
hayagrīvo vibhāvasuḥ
ayomukhaḥ śaṅkuśirāḥ
svarbhānuḥ kapilo ’ruṇaḥ
pulomā vṛṣaparvā ca
ekacakro ’nutāpanaḥ
dhūmrakeśo virūpākṣo
vipracittiś ca durjayaḥ

Synonyms

ariṣṭāyāḥ — from the womb of Ariṣṭā; tu — but; gandharvāḥ — the Gandharvas; kāṣṭhāyāḥ — from the womb of Kāṣṭhā; dvi-śapha-itarāḥ — animals such as horses, which do not have cloven hooves; sutāḥ — sons; danoḥ — from the womb of Danu; eka-ṣaṣṭiḥ — sixty-one; teṣām — of them; prādhānikān — the important ones; śṛṇu — hear; dvimūrdhā — Dvimūrdhā; śambaraḥ — Śambara; ariṣṭaḥ — Ariṣṭa; hayagrīvaḥ — Hayagrīva; vibhāvasuḥ — Vibhāvasu; ayomukhaḥ — Ayomukha; śaṅkuśirāḥ — Śaṅkuśirā; svarbhānuḥ — Svarbhānu; kapilaḥ — Kapila; aruṇaḥ — Aruṇa; pulomā — Pulomā; vṛṣaparvā — Vṛṣaparvā; ca — also; ekacakraḥ — Ekacakra; anutāpanaḥ — Anutāpana; dhūmrakeśaḥ — Dhūmrakeśa; virūpākṣaḥ — Virūpākṣa; vipracittiḥ — Vipracitti; ca — and; durjayaḥ — Durjaya.

Translation

The Gandharvas were born from the womb of Ariṣṭā, and animals whose hooves are not split, such as the horse, were born from the womb of Kāṣṭhā. O King, from the womb of Danu came sixty-one sons, of whom these eighteen were very important: Dvimūrdhā, Śambara, Ariṣṭa, Hayagrīva, Vibhāvasu, Ayomukha, Śaṅkuśirā, Svarbhānu, Kapila, Aruṇa, Pulomā, Vṛṣaparvā, Ekacakra, Anutāpana, Dhūmrakeśa, Virūpākṣa, Vipracitti and Durjaya.

Devanagari

स्वर्भानो: सुप्रभां कन्यामुवाह नमुचि: किल ।
वृषपर्वणस्तु शर्मिष्ठां ययातिर्नाहुषो बली ॥ ३२ ॥

Text

svarbhānoḥ suprabhāṁ kanyām
uvāha namuciḥ kila
vṛṣaparvaṇas tu śarmiṣṭhāṁ
yayātir nāhuṣo balī

Synonyms

svarbhānoḥ — of Svarbhānu; suprabhām — Suprabhā; kanyām — the daughter; uvāha — married; namuciḥ — Namuci; kila — indeed; vṛṣaparvaṇaḥ — of Vṛṣaparvā; tu — but; śarmiṣṭhām — Śarmiṣṭhā; yayātiḥ — King Yayāti; nāhuṣaḥ — the son of Nahuṣa; balī — very powerful.

Translation

The daughter of Svarbhānu named Suprabhā was married by Namuci. The daughter of Vṛṣaparvā named Śarmiṣṭhā was given to the powerful King Yayāti, the son of Nahuṣa.

Devanagari

वैश्वानरसुता याश्च चतस्रश्चारुदर्शना: ।
उपदानवी हयशिरा पुलोमा कालका तथा ॥ ३३ ॥
उपदानवीं हिरण्याक्ष: क्रतुर्हयशिरां नृप ।
पुलोमां कालकां च द्वे वैश्वानरसुते तु क: ॥ ३४ ॥
उपयेमेऽथ भगवान् कश्यपो ब्रह्मचोदित: ।
पौलोमा: कालकेयाश्च दानवा युद्धशालिन: ॥ ३५ ॥
तयो: षष्टिसहस्राणि यज्ञघ्नांस्ते पितु: पिता ।
जघान स्वर्गतो राजन्नेक इन्द्रप्रियङ्कर: ॥ ३६ ॥

Text

vaiśvānara-sutā yāś ca
catasraś cāru-darśanāḥ
upadānavī hayaśirā
pulomā kālakā tathā
upadānavīṁ hiraṇyākṣaḥ
kratur hayaśirāṁ nṛpa
pulomāṁ kālakāṁ ca dve
vaiśvānara-sute tu kaḥ
upayeme ’tha bhagavān
kaśyapo brahma-coditaḥ
paulomāḥ kālakeyāś ca
dānavā yuddha-śālinaḥ
tayoḥ ṣaṣṭi-sahasrāṇi
yajña-ghnāṁs te pituḥ pitā
jaghāna svar-gato rājann
eka indra-priyaṅkaraḥ

Synonyms

vaiśvānara-sutāḥ — the daughters of Vaiśvānara; yāḥ — who; ca — and; catasraḥ — four; cāru-darśanāḥ — very, very beautiful; upadānavī — Upadānavī; hayaśirā — Hayaśirā; pulomā — Pulomā; kālakā — Kālakā; tathā — as well; upadānavīm — Upadānavī; hiraṇyākṣaḥ — the demon Hiraṇyākṣa; kratuḥ — Kratu; hayaśirām — Hayaśirā; nṛpa — O King; pulomām kālakām ca — Pulomā and Kālakā; dve — the two; vaiśvānara-sute — daughters of Vaiśvānara; tu — but; kaḥ — the prajāpati; upayeme — married; atha — then; bhagavān — the most powerful; kaśyapaḥ — Kaśyapa Muni; brahma-coditaḥ — requested by Lord Brahmā; paulomāḥ kālakeyāḥ ca — the Paulomas and Kālakeyas; dānavāḥ — demons; yuddha-śālinaḥ — very fond of fighting; tayoḥ — of them; ṣaṣṭi-sahasrāṇi — sixty thousand; yajña-ghnān — who were disturbing sacrifices; te — your; pituḥ — of the father; pitā — the father; jaghāna — killed; svaḥ-gataḥ — in the heavenly planets; rājan — O King; ekaḥ — alone; indra-priyam-karaḥ — to please King Indra.

Translation

Vaiśvānara, the son of Danu, had four beautiful daughters, named Upadānavī, Hayaśirā, Pulomā and Kālakā. Hiraṇyākṣa married Upadānavī, and Kratu married Hayaśirā. Thereafter, at the request of Lord Brahmā, Prajāpati Kaśyapa married Pulomā and Kālakā, the other two daughters of Vaiśvānara. From the wombs of these two wives of Kaśyapa came sixty thousand sons, headed by Nivātakavaca, who are known as the Paulomas and the Kālakeyas. They were physically very strong and expert in fighting, and their aim was to disturb the sacrifices performed by the great sages. My dear King, when your grandfather Arjuna went to the heavenly planets, he alone killed all these demons, and thus King Indra became extremely affectionate toward him.

Devanagari

विप्रचित्ति: सिंहिकायां शतं चैकमजीजनत् ।
राहुज्येष्ठं केतुशतं ग्रहत्वं य उपागता: ॥ ३७ ॥

Text

vipracittiḥ siṁhikāyāṁ
śataṁ caikam ajījanat
rāhu-jyeṣṭhaṁ ketu-śataṁ
grahatvaṁ ya upāgatāḥ

Synonyms

vipracittiḥ — Vipracitti; siṁhikāyām — in the womb of his wife Siṁhikā; śatam — to one hundred; ca — and; ekam — one; ajījanat — gave birth; rāhu-jyeṣṭham — among whom Rāhu is the oldest; ketu-śatam — one hundred Ketus; grahatvam — planethood; ye — all of whom; upāgatāḥ — obtained.

Translation

In his wife Siṁhikā, Vipracitti begot one hundred and one sons, of whom the eldest is Rāhu and the others are the one hundred Ketus. All of them attained positions in the influential planets.

Devanagari

अथात: श्रूयतां वंशो योऽदितेरनुपूर्वश: ।
यत्र नारायणो देव: स्वांशेनावातरद्विभु: ॥ ३८ ॥
विवस्वानर्यमा पूषा त्वष्टाथ सविता भग: ।
धाता विधाता वरुणो मित्र: शत्रु उरुक्रम: ॥ ३९ ॥

Text

athātaḥ śrūyatāṁ vaṁśo
yo ’diter anupūrvaśaḥ
yatra nārāyaṇo devaḥ
svāṁśenāvātarad vibhuḥ
vivasvān aryamā pūṣā
tvaṣṭātha savitā bhagaḥ
dhātā vidhātā varuṇo
mitraḥ śatru urukramaḥ

Synonyms

atha — thereafter; ataḥ — now; śrūyatām — let it be heard; vaṁśaḥ — the dynasty; yaḥ — which; aditeḥ — from Aditi; anupūrvaśaḥ — in chronological order; yatra — wherein; nārāyaṇaḥ — the Supreme Personality of Godhead; devaḥ — the Lord; sva-aṁśena — by His own plenary expansion; avātarat — descended; vibhuḥ — the Supreme; vivasvān — Vivasvān; aryamā — Aryamā; pūṣā — Pūṣā; tvaṣṭā — Tvaṣṭā; atha — thereafter; savitā — Savitā; bhagaḥ — Bhaga; dhātā — Dhātā; vidhātā — Vidhātā; varuṇaḥ — Varuṇa; mitraḥ — Mitra; śatruḥ — Śatru; urukramaḥ — Urukrama.

Translation

Now please hear me as I describe the descendants of Aditi in chronological order. In this dynasty the Supreme Personality of Godhead Nārāyaṇa descended by His plenary expansion. The names of the sons of Aditi are as follows: Vivasvān, Aryamā, Pūṣā, Tvaṣṭā, Savitā, Bhaga, Dhātā, Vidhātā, Varuṇa, Mitra, Śatru and Urukrama.

Devanagari

विवस्वत: श्राद्धदेवं संज्ञासूयत वै मनुम् ।
मिथुनं च महाभागा यमं देवं यमीं तथा ।
सैव भूत्वाथ वडवा नासत्यौ सुषुवे भुवि ॥ ४० ॥

Text

vivasvataḥ śrāddhadevaṁ
saṁjñāsūyata vai manum
mithunaṁ ca mahā-bhāgā
yamaṁ devaṁ yamīṁ tathā
saiva bhūtvātha vaḍavā
nāsatyau suṣuve bhuvi

Synonyms

vivasvataḥ — of the sun-god; śrāddhadevam — named Śrāddhadeva; saṁjñā — Saṁjñā; asūyata — gave birth; vai — indeed; manum — to Manu; mithunam — twins; ca — and; mahā-bhāgā — the fortunate Saṁjñā; yamam — to Yamarāja; devam — the demigod; yamīm — to his sister named Yamī; tathā — as well as; — she; eva — also; bhūtvā — becoming; atha — then; vaḍavā — a mare; nāsatyau — to the Aśvinī-kumāras; suṣuve — gave birth; bhuvi — on this earth.

Translation

Saṁjñā, the wife of Vivasvān, the sun-god, gave birth to the Manu named Śrāddhadeva, and the same fortunate wife also gave birth to the twins Yamarāja and the river Yamunā. Then Yamī, while wandering on the earth in the form of a mare, gave birth to the Aśvinī-kumāras.

Devanagari

छाया शनैश्चरं लेभे सावर्णिं च मनुं तत: ।
कन्यां च तपतीं या वै वव्रे संवरणं पतिम् ॥ ४१ ॥

Text

chāyā śanaiścaraṁ lebhe
sāvarṇiṁ ca manuṁ tataḥ
kanyāṁ ca tapatīṁ yā vai
vavre saṁvaraṇaṁ patim

Synonyms

chāyā — Chāyā, another wife of the sun-god; śanaiścaram — Saturn; lebhe — begot; sāvarṇim — Sāvarṇi; ca — and; manum — the Manu; tataḥ — from him (Vivasvān); kanyām — one daughter; ca — as well as; tapatīm — named Tapatī; — who; vai — indeed; vavre — married; saṁvaraṇam — Saṁvaraṇa; patim — husband.

Translation

Chāyā, another wife of the sun-god, begot two sons named Śanaiścara and Sāvarṇi Manu, and one daughter, Tapatī, who married Saṁvaraṇa.

Devanagari

अर्यम्णो मातृका पत्नी तयोश्चर्षणय: सुता: ।
यत्र वै मानुषी जातिर्ब्रह्मणा चोपकल्पिता ॥ ४२ ॥

Text

aryamṇo mātṛkā patnī
tayoś carṣaṇayaḥ sutāḥ
yatra vai mānuṣī jātir
brahmaṇā copakalpitā

Synonyms

aryamṇaḥ — of Aryamā; mātṛkā — Mātṛkā; patnī — the wife; tayoḥ — by their union; carṣaṇayaḥ sutāḥ — many sons who were learned scholars; yatra — wherein; vai — indeed; mānuṣī — human; jātiḥ — species; brahmaṇā — by Lord Brahmā; ca — and; upakalpitā — was created.

Translation

From the womb of Mātṛkā, the wife of Aryamā, were born many learned scholars. Among them Lord Brahmā created the human species, which are endowed with an aptitude for self-examination.

Devanagari

पूषानपत्य: पिष्टादो भग्नदन्तोऽभवत्पुरा ।
योऽसौ दक्षाय कुपितं जहास विवृतद्विज: ॥ ४३ ॥

Text

pūṣānapatyaḥ piṣṭādo
bhagna-danto ’bhavat purā
yo ’sau dakṣāya kupitaṁ
jahāsa vivṛta-dvijaḥ

Synonyms

pūṣā — Pūṣā; anapatyaḥ — without children; piṣṭa-adaḥ — who lives by eating flour; bhagna-dantaḥ — with broken teeth; abhavat — became; purā — formerly; yaḥ — who; asau — that; dakṣāya — at Dakṣa; kupitam — very angry; jahāsa — laughed; vivṛta-dvijaḥ — uncovering his teeth.

Translation

Pūṣā had no sons. When Lord Śiva was angry at Dakṣa, Pūṣā had laughed at Lord Śiva and shown his teeth. Therefore he lost his teeth and had to live by eating only ground flour.

Devanagari

त्वष्टुर्दैत्यात्मजा भार्या रचना नाम कन्यका ।
सन्निवेशस्तयोर्जज्ञे विश्वरूपश्च वीर्यवान् ॥ ४४ ॥

Text

tvaṣṭur daityātmajā bhāryā
racanā nāma kanyakā
sanniveśas tayor jajñe
viśvarūpaś ca vīryavān

Synonyms

tvaṣṭuḥ — of Tvaṣṭā; daitya-ātma- — the daughter of a demon; bhāryā — wife; racanā — Racanā; nāma — named; kanyakā — a maiden; sanniveśaḥ — Sanniveśa; tayoḥ — of those two; jajñe — was born; viśvarūpaḥ — Viśvarūpa; ca — and; vīryavān — very powerful in bodily strength.

Translation

Racanā, the daughter of the Daityas, became the wife of Prajāpati Tvaṣṭā. By his semen he begot in her womb two very powerful sons named Sanniveśa and Viśvarūpa.

Devanagari

तं वव्रिरे सुरगणा स्वस्रीयं द्विषतामपि ।
विमतेन परित्यक्ता गुरुणाङ्गिरसेन यत् ॥ ४५ ॥

Text

taṁ vavrire sura-gaṇā
svasrīyaṁ dviṣatām api
vimatena parityaktā
guruṇāṅgirasena yat

Synonyms

tam — him (Viśvarūpa); vavrire — accepted as a priest; sura-gaṇāḥ — the demigods; svasrīyam — the son of a daughter; dviṣatām — of the inimical demons; api — although; vimatena — being disrespected; parityaktāḥ — who were given up; guruṇā — by their spiritual master; āṅgirasena — Bṛhaspati; yat — since.

Translation

Although Viśvarūpa was the son of the daughter of their eternal enemies the demons, the demigods accepted him as their priest in accordance with the order of Brahmā when they were abandoned by their spiritual master, Bṛhaspati, whom they had disrespected.

Purport

Thus end the Bhaktivedanta purports to the Sixth Canto, Sixth Chapter, of the Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam, entitled “The Progeny of the Daughters of Dakṣa.”