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CHAPTER SIXTY-EIGHT

The Marriage of Sāmba

This chapter describes how the Kauravas captured Sāmba and how Lord Baladeva dragged the city of Hastināpura to secure his release.

Sāmba, the darling son of Jāmbavatī, kidnapped Duryodhana’s daughter Lakṣmaṇā from her svayaṁvara assembly. In response, the Kauravas joined forces to arrest him. After Sāmba held them off single-handedly for some time, six warriors of the Kaurava party deprived him of his chariot, broke his bow to pieces, seized him, tied him up and brought both him and Lakṣmaṇā back to Hastināpura.

When King Ugrasena heard of Sāmba’s capture, he called upon the Yādavas to retaliate. Angered, they prepared to fight, but Lord Balarāma pacified them, hoping to avoid a quarrel between the Kuru and Yadu dynasties. The Lord set off for Hastināpura, together with several brāhmaṇas and Yādava elders.

The party of Yādavas set up camp in a garden outside the city, and Lord Balarāma sent Uddhava to ascertain King Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s frame of mind. When Uddhava appeared in the Kaurava court and announced Lord Balarāma’s arrival, the Kauravas worshiped Uddhava and went to see the Lord, taking auspicious items to offer Him. The Kauravas honored Balarāma with rituals and items of respect, but when He conveyed Ugrasena’s demand that they release Sāmba, they became angry. “It is very amazing,” they said, “that the Yādavas are trying to give orders to the Kauravas. This is like a shoe trying to climb atop one’s head. It is from us alone that the Yādavas have obtained their royal thrones, and yet now they are presuming themselves our equals. No longer will we extend to them royal privileges.”

Having said this, the Kaurava nobles went inside their city, and Lord Baladeva decided that the only way to deal with those who are maddened by false prestige is through brute punishment. Thus He took His plow weapon and, intending to rid the earth of all the Kurus, began dragging Hastināpura toward the Ganges. Seeing that their city was in imminent danger of falling into the river, the terrified Kauravas quickly brought Sāmba and Lakṣmaṇā before Lord Balarāma and began to glorify Him. Then they prayed, “O Lord, please forgive us, who were so ignorant of Your true identity.”

Baladeva assured the Kauravas He would not harm them, and Duryodhana presented various wedding gifts to his daughter and new son-in-law. Then Duryodhana, extending his greetings to the Yādavas, requested Lord Baladeva to return to Dvārakā with Sāmba and Lakṣmaṇā.

Devanagari

श्रीशुक उवाच
दुर्योधनसुतां राजन् लक्ष्मणां समितिंजय: ।
स्वयंवरस्थामहरत् साम्बो जाम्बवतीसुत: ॥ १ ॥

Text

śrī-śuka uvāca
duryodhana-sutāṁ rājan
lakṣmaṇāṁ samitiṁ-jayaḥ
svayaṁvara-sthām aharat
sāmbo jāmbavatī-sutaḥ

Synonyms

śrī-śukaḥ uvāca — Śukadeva Gosvāmī said; duryodhana-sutām — the daughter of Duryodhana; rājan — O King (Parīkṣit); lakṣmaṇām — named Lakṣmaṇā; samitim-jayaḥ — victorious in battle; svayaṁvara — in her svayaṁvara ceremony; sthām — situated; aharat — stole; sāmbaḥ — Sāmba; jāmbavatī-sutaḥ — the son of Jāmbavatī.

Translation

Śukadeva Gosvāmī said: O King, Jāmbavatī’s son Sāmba, ever victorious in battle, kidnapped Duryodhana’s daughter Lakṣmaṇā from her svayaṁvara ceremony.

Purport

In Kṛṣṇa, Śrīla Prabhupāda explains this event as follows: “Duryodhana, the son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra, had a marriageable daughter by the name of Lakṣmaṇā. She was a very highly qualified girl of the Kuru dynasty, and many princes wanted to marry her. In such cases the svayaṁvara ceremony is held so that the girl may select her husband according to her own choice. In Lakṣmaṇā’s svayaṁvara assembly, when the girl was to select her husband, Sāmba appeared. He was the son of Kṛṣṇa by Jāmbavatī, one of the chief wives of Lord Kṛṣṇa. This son Sāmba is so named because, being a very bad child, he always lived close to his mother. The name Sāmba indicates that this son was very much his mother’s pet. Ambā means “mother,” and sa means “with.” So this special name was given to him because he always remained with his mother. He was also known as Jāmbavatī-suta for the same reason. As previously explained, all the sons of Kṛṣṇa were as qualified as their great father, Lord Kṛṣṇa. Sāmba wanted the daughter of Duryodhana, Lakṣmaṇā, although she was not inclined to have him. Therefore Sāmba kidnapped Lakṣmaṇā by force from the svayaṁvara ceremony.”

Devanagari

कौरवा: कुपिता ऊचुर्दुर्विनीतोऽयमर्भक: ।
कदर्थीकृत्य न: कन्यामकामामहरद् बलात् ॥ २ ॥

Text

kauravāḥ kupitā ūcur
durvinīto ’yam arbhakaḥ
kadarthī-kṛtya naḥ kanyām
akāmām aharad balāt

Synonyms

kauravāḥ — the Kurus; kupitāḥ — angered; ūcuḥ — said; durvinītaḥ — ill-behaved; ayam — this; arbhakaḥ — boy; kadarthī-kṛtya — insulting; naḥ — us; kanyām — the maiden; akāmām — unwilling; aharat — has taken; balāt — by force.

Translation

The angry Kurus said: This ill-behaved boy has offended us, forcibly kidnapping our unmarried daughter against her will.

Devanagari

बध्नीतेमं दुर्विनीतं किं करिष्यन्ति वृष्णय: ।
येऽस्मत्प्रसादोपचितां दत्तां नो भुञ्जते महीम् ॥ ३ ॥

Text

badhnītemaṁ durvinītaṁ
kiṁ kariṣyanti vṛṣṇayaḥ
ye ’smat-prasādopacitāṁ
dattāṁ no bhuñjate mahīm

Synonyms

badhnīta — arrest; imam — him; durvinītam — ill-behaved; kim — what; kariṣyanti — will they do; vṛṣṇayaḥ — the Vṛṣṇis; ye — who; asmat — of us; prasāda — by the grace; upacitām — acquired; dattām — bestowed; naḥ — our; bhuñjate — are enjoying; mahīm — the land.

Translation

Arrest this ill-behaved Sāmba! What will the Vṛṣṇis do? By our grace they are ruling land that we have granted them.

Devanagari

निगृहीतं सुतं श्रुत्वा यद्येष्यन्तीह वृष्णय: ।
भग्नदर्पा: शमं यान्ति प्राणा इव सुसंयता: ॥ ४ ॥

Text

nigṛhītaṁ sutaṁ śrutvā
yady eṣyantīha vṛṣṇayaḥ
bhagna-darpāḥ śamaṁ yānti
prāṇā iva su-saṁyatāḥ

Synonyms

nigṛhītam — captured; sutam — their son; śrutvā — hearing; yadi — if; eṣyanti — they will come; iha — here; vṛṣṇayaḥ — the Vṛṣṇis; bhagna — broken; darpāḥ — whose pride; śamam — pacification; yānti — they will attain; prāṇāḥ — the senses; iva — as; su — properly; saṁyatāḥ — brought under control.

Translation

If the Vṛṣṇis come here when they learn that their son has been captured, we will break their pride. Thus they’ll become subdued, like bodily senses brought under strict control.

Devanagari

इति कर्ण: शलो भूरिर्यज्ञकेतु: सुयोधन: ।
साम्बमारेभिरे योद्धुं कुरुवृद्धानुमोदिता: ॥ ५ ॥

Text

iti karṇaḥ śalo bhūrir
yajñaketuḥ suyodhanaḥ
sāmbam ārebhire yoddhuṁ
kuru-vṛddhānumoditāḥ

Synonyms

iti — saying this; karṇaḥ śalaḥ bhūriḥ — Karṇa, Śala and Bhūri (Saumadatti); yajñaketuḥ suyodhanaḥ — Yajñaketu (Bhūriśravā) and Duryodhana; sāmbam — against Sāmba; ārebhire — they set out; yoddhum — to fight; kuru-vṛddha — by the elder of the Kurus (Bhīṣma); anumoditāḥ — sanctioned.

Translation

After saying this and having their plan sanctioned by the senior member of the Kuru dynasty, Karṇa, Śala, Bhūri, Yajñaketu and Suyodhana set out to attack Sāmba.

Purport

Śrīla Viśvanātha Cakravartī Ṭhākura explains that the elder of the Kurus mentioned here is Bhīṣma, who gave permission to the younger men as follows: “Since this maiden has now been touched by Sāmba, she cannot take any other husband. He must become her husband. Nonetheless, you should arrest him and tie him up to make a statement about his impropriety and our own prowess. But in no case should he be killed.” The ācārya also adds that Bhīṣma accompanied the five warriors mentioned in this verse.

Devanagari

द‍ृष्ट्वानुधावत: साम्बो धार्तराष्ट्रान् महारथ: ।
प्रगृह्य रुचिरं चापं तस्थौ सिंह इवैकल: ॥ ६ ॥

Text

dṛṣṭvānudhāvataḥ sāmbo
dhārtarāṣṭrān mahā-rathaḥ
pragṛhya ruciraṁ cāpaṁ
tasthau siṁha ivaikalaḥ

Synonyms

dṛṣṭvā — seeing; anudhāvataḥ — who were rushing toward him; sāmbaḥ — Sāmba; dhārtarāṣṭrān — the followers of Dhṛtarāṣṭra; mahārathaḥ — the great chariot-fighter; pragṛhya — seizing; ruciram — beautiful; cāpam — his bow; tasthau — he stood; siṁhaḥ — a lion; iva — like; ekalaḥ — all alone.

Translation

Seeing Duryodhana and his companions rushing toward him, Sāmba, the great chariot-fighter, took up his splendid bow and stood alone like a lion.

Devanagari

तं ते जिघृक्षव: क्रुद्धास्तिष्ठ तिष्ठेति भाषिण: ।
आसाद्य धन्विनो बाणै: कर्णाग्रण्य: समाकिरन् ॥ ७ ॥

Text

taṁ te jighṛkṣavaḥ kruddhās
tiṣṭha tiṣṭheti bhāṣiṇaḥ
āsādya dhanvino bāṇaiḥ
karṇāgraṇyaḥ samākiran

Synonyms

tam — him; te — they; jighṛkṣavaḥ — determined to capture; kruddhāḥ — angry; tiṣṭha tiṣṭha iti — “Stand there! Stand there!”; bhāṣiṇaḥ — saying; āsādya — confronting; dhanvinaḥ — the bowmen; bāṇaiḥ — with their arrows; karṇa-agraṇyaḥ — those headed by Karna; samākiran — showered him.

Translation

Determined to capture him, the angry bowmen led by Karṇa shouted at Sāmba, ‘Stand and fight! Stand and fight!’ They came straight for him and showered him with arrows.

Devanagari

सोऽपविद्ध: कुरुश्रेष्ठ कुरुभिर्यदुनन्दन: ।
नामृष्यत्तदचिन्त्यार्भ: सिंह क्षुद्रमृगैरिव ॥ ८ ॥

Text

so ’paviddhaḥ kuru-śreṣṭha
kurubhir yadu-nandanaḥ
nāmṛṣyat tad acintyārbhaḥ
siṁha kṣudra-mṛgair iva

Synonyms

saḥ — he; apaviddhaḥ — unjustly attacked; kuru-śreṣṭha — O best of the Kurus (Parīkṣit Mahārāja); kurubhiḥ — by the Kurus; yadu-nandanaḥ — the dear son of the Yadu dynasty; na amṛṣyat — did not tolerate; tat — it; acintya — of the inconceivable Lord, Kṛṣṇa; arbhaḥ — the child; siṁhaḥ — a lion; kṣudra — insignificant; mṛgaiḥ — by animals; iva — as.

Translation

O best of the Kurus, as Kṛṣṇa’s son Sāmba was being unjustly harassed by the Kurus, that darling of the Yadu dynasty did not tolerate their attack, any more than a lion would tolerate an attack by puny animals.

Purport

Commenting on the word acintyārbha, Śrīla Prabhupāda writes in Kṛṣṇa: “Sāmba, the glorious son of the Yadu dynasty, [was] endowed with inconceivable potencies as the son of Lord Kṛṣṇa.”

Devanagari

विस्फूर्ज्य रुचिरं चापं सर्वान् विव्याध सायकै: ।
कर्णादीन् षड्रथान् वीरस्तावद्भ‍िर्युगपत् पृथक् ॥ ९ ॥
चतुर्भिश्चतुरो वाहानेकैकेन च सारथीन् ।
रथिनश्च महेष्वासांस्तस्य तत्तेऽभ्यपूजयन् ॥ १० ॥

Text

visphūrjya ruciraṁ cāpaṁ
sarvān vivyādha sāyakaiḥ
karṇādīn ṣaḍ rathān vīras
tāvadbhir yugapat pṛthak
caturbhiś caturo vāhān
ekaikena ca sārathīn
rathinaś ca maheṣvāsāṁs
tasya tat te ’bhyapūjayan

Synonyms

visphūrjya — twanging; ruciram — attractive; cāpam — his bow; sarvān — all of them; vivyādha — he pierced; sāyakaiḥ — with his arrows; karṇa-ādīn — Karṇa and the others; ṣaṭ — six; rathān — the chariots; vīraḥ — the hero, Sāmba; tāvadbhiḥ — with as many; yugapat — simultaneously; pṛthak — each individually; caturbhiḥ — with four (arrows); caturaḥ — the four; vāhān — horses (of each chariot); eka-ekena — with one each; ca — and; sārathīn — the chariot drivers; rathinaḥ — the warriors commanding the chariots; ca — and; mahā-iṣu-āsān — great bowmen; tasya — his; tat — that; te — they; abhyapūjayan — honored.

Translation

Twanging his wonderful bow, heroic Sāmba struck with arrows the six warriors headed by Karṇa. He pierced the six chariots with as many arrows, each team of four horses with four arrows, and each chariot driver with a single arrow, and he similarly struck the great bowmen who commanded the chariots. The enemy warriors congratulated Sāmba for this display of prowess.

Purport

Śrīla Prabhupāda comments: “While Sāmba was so diligently fighting alone with the six great warriors, they all appreciated the inconceivable potency of the boy. Even in the midst of fighting, they admitted frankly that this boy Sāmba was wonderful.”

Devanagari

तं तु ते विरथं चक्रुश्चत्वारश्चतुरो हयान् ।
एकस्तु सारथिं जघ्ने चिच्छेदान्य: शरासनम् ॥ ११ ॥

Text

taṁ tu te virathaṁ cakruś
catvāraś caturo hayān
ekas tu sārathiṁ jaghne
cicchedaṇyaḥ śarāsanam

Synonyms

tam — him; tu — but; te — they; viratham — deprived of his chariot; cakruḥ — made; catvāraḥ — four; caturaḥ — four of them; hayān — horses; ekaḥ — one; tu — and; sārathim — the chariot driver; jaghne — struck; cicheda — split; anyaḥ — another; śara-asanam — his bow.

Translation

But they forced him down from his chariot, and thereupon four of them struck his four horses, one of them struck down his chariot driver, and another broke his bow.

Devanagari

तं बद्ध्वा विरथीकृत्य कृच्छ्रेण कुरवो युधि ।
कुमारं स्वस्य कन्यां च स्वपुरं जयिनोऽविशन् ॥ १२ ॥

Text

taṁ baddhvā virathī-kṛtya
kṛcchreṇa kuravo yudhi
kumāraṁ svasya kanyāṁ ca
sva-puraṁ jayino ’viśan

Synonyms

tam — him; baddhvā — binding up; virathī-kṛtya — having deprived him of his chariot; kṛcchreṇa — with difficulty; kuravaḥ — the Kurus; yudhi — in the fight; kumāram — the young boy; svasya — their own; kanyām — girl; ca — and; sva-puram — their city; jayinaḥ — victorious; aviśan — entered.

Translation

Having deprived Sāmba of his chariot during the fight, the Kuru warriors tied him up with great difficulty and then returned victorious to their city, taking the young boy and their princess.

Devanagari

तच्छ्रुत्वा नारदोक्तेन राजन् सञ्जातमन्यव: ।
कुरून् प्रत्युद्यमं चक्रुरुग्रसेनप्रचोदिता: ॥ १३ ॥

Text

tac chrutvā nāradoktena
rājan sañjāta-manyavaḥ
kurūn praty udyamaṁ cakrur
ugrasena-pracoditāḥ

Synonyms

tat — this; śrutvā — hearing; nārada — of Nārada Muni; uktena — through the statements; rājan — O King (Parīkṣit); sañjāta — awakened; manyavaḥ — whose anger; kurūn — the Kurus; prati — against; udyamam — preparations for war; cakruḥ — they made; ugrasena — by King Ugrasena; pracoditāḥ — urged on.

Translation

O King, when the Yādavas heard news of this from Śrī Nārada, they became angry. Urged on by King Ugrasena, they prepared for war against the Kurus.

Purport

Śrīla Prabhupāda writes: “The great sage Nārada immediately carried the news to the Yadu dynasty that Sāmba was arrested and told them the whole story. The members of the Yadu dynasty became very angry at Sāmba's being arrested, and improperly so by six warriors. Now, with the permission of the head of the Yadu dynasty's king, Ugrasena, they prepared to attack the capital city of the Kuru dynasty.”

Devanagari

सान्‍त्‍वयित्वा तु तान् राम: सन्नद्धान् वृष्णिपुङ्गवान् ।
नैच्छत् कुरूणां वृष्णीनां कलिं कलिमलापह: ॥ १४ ॥
जगाम हास्तिनपुरं रथेनादित्यवर्चसा ।
ब्राह्मणै: कुलवृद्धैश्च वृतश्चन्द्र इव ग्रहै: ॥ १५ ॥

Text

sāntvayitvā tu tān rāmaḥ
sannaddhān vṛṣṇi-puṅgavān
naicchat kurūṇāṁ vṛṣṇīnāṁ
kaliṁ kali-malāpahaḥ
jagāma hāstina-puraṁ
rathenāditya-varcasā
brāhmaṇaiḥ kula-vṛddhaiś ca
vṛtaś candra iva grahaiḥ

Synonyms

sāntvayitvā — calming; tu — but; tān — them; rāmaḥ — Lord Balarāma; sannaddhān — suited in armor; vṛṣṇi-puṅgavān — the heroes of the Vṛṣṇi dynasty; na aicchat — He did not want; kurūṇām vṛṣṇīnām — between the Kurus and the Vṛṣṇis; kalim — a quarrel; kali — of the age of quarrel; mala — the contamination; apahaḥ — He who removes; jagāma — He went; hāstina-puram — to Hastināpura; rathena — with His chariot; āditya — (like) the sun; varcasā — whose effulgence; brāhmaṇaiḥ — by brāhmaṇas; kula — of the family; vṛddhaiḥ — by elders; ca — and; vṛtaḥ — surrounded; candraḥ — the moon; iva — as; grahaiḥ — by the seven planets.

Translation

Lord Balarāma, however, cooled the tempers of the Vṛṣṇi heroes, who had already put on their armor. He who purifies the age of quarrel did not want a quarrel between the Kurus and Vṛṣṇis. Thus, accompanied by brāhmaṇas and family elders, He went to Hastināpura on His chariot, which was as effulgent as the sun. As He went, He appeared like the moon surrounded by the ruling planets.

Devanagari

गत्वा गजाह्वयं रामो बाह्योपवनमास्थित: ।
उद्धवं प्रेषयामास धृतराष्ट्रं बुभुत्सया ॥ १६ ॥

Text

gatvā gajāhvayaṁ rāmo
bāhyopavanam āsthitaḥ
uddhavaṁ preṣayām āsa
dhṛtarāṣṭraṁ bubhutsayā

Synonyms

gatvā — going; gajāhvayam — to Hastināpura; rāmaḥ — Lord Balarāma; bāhya — outside; upavanam — in a garden; āsthitaḥ — He stayed; uddhavam — Uddhava; preṣayām āsa — He sent; dhṛtarāṣṭram — about Dhṛtarāṣṭra; bubhutsayā — desiring to find out.

Translation

Upon arriving at Hastināpura, Lord Balarāma remained in a garden outside the city and sent Uddhava ahead to probe King Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s intentions.

Purport

Śrīla Prabhupāda writes: “When Lord Balarāma reached the precincts of the city of Hastināpura, He did not enter but stationed Himself in a camp outside the city in a small garden house. Then He asked Uddhava to see the leaders of the Kuru dynasty and inquire from them whether they wanted to fight with the Yadu dynasty or to make a settlement.”

Devanagari

सोऽभिवन्द्याम्बिकापुत्रं भीष्मं द्रोणं च बाह्लिकम् ।
दुर्योधनं च विधिवद् राममागतमब्रवीत् ॥ १७ ॥

Text

so ’bhivandyāmbikā-putraṁ
bhīṣmaṁ droṇaṁ ca bāhlikam
duryodhanaṁ ca vidhi-vad
rāmam āgataṁ abravīt

Synonyms

saḥ — he, Uddhava; abhivandya — offering respects; ambikā-putram — to Dhṛtarāṣṭra, the son of Ambikā; bhīṣmam droṇam ca — to Bhīṣma and Droṇa; bāhlikam duryodhanam ca — and to Bāhlika and Duryodhana; vidhi-vat — according to scriptural injunctions; rāmam — Lord Balarāma; āgatam — has arrived; abravīt — he said.

Translation

After he had offered proper respects to the son of Ambikā [Dhṛtarāṣṭra] and to Bhīṣma, Droṇa, Bāhlika and Duryodhana, Uddhava informed them that Lord Balarāma had arrived.

Purport

Śrīla Viśvanātha Cakravartī points out that there is no reference here to Uddhava offering respect to Yudhiṣṭhira and his associates, since at that time the Pāṇḍavas were staying in Indraprastha.

Devanagari

तेऽतिप्रीतास्तमाकर्ण्य प्राप्तं रामं सुहृत्तमम् ।
तमर्चयित्वाभिययु: सर्वे मङ्गलपाणय: ॥ १८ ॥

Text

te ’ti-prītās tam ākarṇya
prāptaṁ rāmaṁ suhṛt-tamam
tam arcayitvābhiyayuḥ
sarve maṅgala-pāṇayaḥ

Synonyms

te — they; ati — extremely; prītāḥ — pleased; tam — Him; ākarṇya — hearing; prāptam — arrived; rāmam — Balarāma; suhṛt-tamam — their dearest friend; tam — him, Uddhava; arcayitvā — after worshiping; abhiyayuḥ — went forth; sarve — all of them; maṅgala — auspicious offerings; pāṇayaḥ — in their hands.

Translation

Overjoyed to hear that Balarāma, their dearmost friend, had come, they first honored Uddhava and then went forth to meet the Lord, carrying auspicious offerings in their hands.

Purport

In Kṛṣṇa, Śrīla Prabhupāda writes: “The leaders of the Kuru dynasty, especially Dhṛtarāṣṭra and Duryodhana, were very joyful because they knew very well that Lord Balarāma was a great well-wisher of their family. There were no bounds to their joy on hearing the news, and so they immediately welcomed Uddhava. In order to properly receive Lord Balarāma, they all took in their hands auspicious paraphernalia for His reception and went to see Him outside the city gate.”

Devanagari

तं सङ्गय यथान्यायं गामर्घ्यं च न्यवेदयन् ।
तेषां ये तत्प्रभावज्ञा: प्रणेमु: शिरसा बलम् ॥ १९ ॥

Text

taṁ saṅgamya yathā-nyāyaṁ
gām arghyaṁ ca nyavedayan
teṣāṁ ye tat-prabhāva-jñāḥ
praṇemuḥ śirasā balam

Synonyms

tam — Him; saṅgamya — going up to; yathā — as; nyāyam — proper; gām — cows; arghyamarghya water; ca — and; nyavedayan — they presented; teṣām — among them; ye — those who; tat — His; prabhāva — power; jñāḥ — knowing; praṇemuḥ — they bowed down; śirasā — with their heads; balam — to Lord Balarāma.

Translation

They approached Lord Balarāma and worshiped Him with gifts of cows and arghya, as was fitting. Those among the Kurus who understood His true power bowed down to Him, touching their heads to the ground.

Purport

The ācāryas explain that even the elders, like Bhīṣmadeva, also bowed down to Lord Baladeva.

Devanagari

बन्धून् कुशलिन: श्रुत्वा पृष्ट्वा शिवमनामयम् ।
परस्परमथो रामो बभाषेऽविक्लवं वच: ॥ २० ॥

Text

bandhūn kuśalinaḥ śrutvā
pṛṣṭvā śivam anāmayam
parasparam atho rāmo
babhāṣe ’viklavaṁ vacaḥ

Synonyms

bandhūn — their relatives; kuśalinaḥ — doing well; śrutvā — hearing; pṛṣṭvā — inquiring; śivam — about their welfare; anāmayam — and health; parasparam — among one another; atha u — thereupon; rāmaḥ — Lord Balarāma; babhāṣe — spoke; aviklavam — forthrightly; vacaḥ — words.

Translation

After both parties had heard that their relatives were doing well and both had inquired into each other’s welfare and health, Lord Balarāma forthrightly spoke to the Kurus as follows.

Purport

Śrīla Prabhupāda writes: “They all exchanged words of reception by asking one another of their welfare, and when such formality was finished, Lord Balarāma, in a great voice and very patiently, submitted before them the following words for their consideration.”

Devanagari

उग्रसेन: क्षितेशेशो यद् व आज्ञापयत् प्रभु: ।
तदव्यग्रधिय: श्रुत्वा कुरुध्वमविलम्बितम् ॥ २१ ॥

Text

ugrasenaḥ kṣiteśeśo
yad va ājñāpayat prabhuḥ
tad avyagra-dhiyaḥ śrutvā
kurudhvam avilambitam

Synonyms

ugrasenaḥ — King Ugrasena; kṣita — of the earth; īśa — of rulers; īśaḥ — the ruler; yat — what; vaḥ — of you; ājñāpayat — has demanded; prabhuḥ — our master; tat — that; avyagra-dhiyaḥ — with undivided attention; śrutvā — hearing; kurudhvam — you should do; avilambitam — without delay.

Translation

[Lord Balarāma said:] King Ugrasena is our master and the ruler of kings. With undivided attention you should hear what he has ordered you to do, and then you should do it at once.

Devanagari

यद् यूयं बहवस्त्वेकं जित्वाधर्मेण धार्मिकम् ।
अबध्नीताथ तन्मृष्ये बन्धूनामैक्यकाम्यया ॥ २२ ॥

Text

yad yūyaṁ bahavas tv ekaṁ
jitvādharmeṇa dhārmikam
abadhnītātha tan mṛṣye
bandhūnām aikya-kāmyayā

Synonyms

yat — that; yūyam — all of you; bahavaḥ — being many; tu — but; ekam — one person; jitvā — defeating; adharmeṇa — against religious principles; dhārmikam — one who follows religious principles; abadhnīta — you bound up; atha — even so; tat — that; mṛṣye — I am tolerating; bandhūnām — among relatives; aikya — for unity; kāmyayā — with the desire.

Translation

[King Ugrasena has said:] Even though by irreligious means several of you defeated a single opponent who follows the religious codes, still I am tolerating this for the sake of unity among family members.

Purport

Here Ugrasena implies that the Kurus should immediately bring Sāmba and present him to Lord Balarāma.

Devanagari

वीर्यशौर्यबलोन्नद्धमात्मशक्तिसमं वच: ।
कुरवो बलदेवस्य निशम्योचु: प्रकोपिता: ॥ २३ ॥

Text

vīrya-śaurya-balonnaddham
ātma-śakti-samaṁ vacaḥ
kuravo baladevasya
niśamyocuḥ prakopitāḥ

Synonyms

vīrya — with potency; śaurya — courage; bala — and strength; unnaddham — filled; ātma — to His own; śakti — power; samam — appropriate; vacaḥ — the words; kuravaḥ — the Kauravas; baladevasya — of Lord Baladeva; niśamya — hearing; ūcuḥ — they spoke; prakopitāḥ — angered.

Translation

Upon hearing these words of Lord Baladeva’s, which were full of potency, courage and strength and were appropriate to His transcendental power, the Kauravas became furious and spoke as follows.

Devanagari

अहो महच्चित्रमिदं कालगत्या दुरत्यया ।
आरुरुक्षत्युपानद् वै शिरो मुकुटसेवितम् ॥ २४ ॥

Text

aho mahac citram idaṁ
kāla-gatyā duratyayā
ārurukṣaty upānad vai
śiro mukuṭa-sevitam

Synonyms

aho — oh; mahat — great; citram — wonder; idam — this; kāla — of time; gatyā — by the movement; duratyayā — unavoidable; ārurakṣati — wants to climb on top; upānat — a shoe; vai — indeed; śiraḥ — the head; mukuṭa — with a crown; sevitam — ornamented.

Translation

[The Kuru nobles said:] Oh, how amazing this is! The force of time is indeed insurmountable: a lowly shoe now wants to climb on the head that bears the royal crown.

Purport

By the words kāla-gatyā duratyayā, “the insurmountable movement of time,” the intolerant Kurus allude to the degraded Age of Kali, which was about to begin. Here the Kurus indicate that the fallen Age of Kali had indeed already begun, since they claim that now “the shoe wants to climb on the head that bears the royal crown.” In other words, they thought that the lowly Yadus now wanted to rise above the royal Kurus.

Devanagari

एते यौनेन सम्बद्धा: सहशय्यासनाशना: ।
वृष्णयस्तुल्यतां नीता अस्मद्दत्तनृपासना: ॥ २५ ॥

Text

ete yaunena sambaddhāḥ
saha-śayyāsanāśanāḥ
vṛṣṇayas tulyatāṁ nītā
asmad-datta-nṛpāsanāḥ

Synonyms

ete — these; yaunena — by marital relation; sambaddhāḥ — connected; saha — sharing; śayyā — beds; āsana — seats; aśanāḥ — and meals; vṛṣṇayaḥ — the Vṛṣṇis; tulyatām — to equality; nītāḥ — brought; asmat — by us; datta — given; nṛpa-āsanāḥ — whose thrones.

Translation

It is because these Vṛṣṇis are bound to us by marital ties that we have granted them equality, allowing them to share our beds, seats and meals. Indeed, it is we who have given them their royal thrones.

Devanagari

चामरव्यजने शङ्खमातपत्रं च पाण्डुरम् ।
किरीटमासनं शय्यां भुञ्जतेऽस्मदुपेक्षया ॥ २६ ॥

Text

cāmara-vyajane śaṅkham
ātapatraṁ ca pāṇḍuram
kirīṭam āsanaṁ śayyāṁ
bhuñjate ’smad-upekṣayā

Synonyms

cāmara — of yak-tail hair; vyajane — pair of fans; śaṅkham — conchshell; ātapatram — umbrella; ca — and; pāṇḍuram — white; kirīṭam — crown; āsanam — throne; śayyām — royal bed; bhuñjate — they enjoy; asmat — by our; upekṣayā — overlooking.

Translation

Only because we looked the other way could they enjoy the pair of yak-tail fans and the conchshell, white umbrella, throne, and royal bed.

Purport

Śrīla Prabhupāda writes that the Kurus were thinking, “They [the Yadus] should not have used such royal paraphernalia in our presence, but we did not check them due to our family relationships.” By using the words asmad-upekṣayā, the Kurus mean to say, “They were able to use these royal insignia because we did not take the matter seriously.” As explained by Śrīla Viśvanātha Cakravartī, the Kurus thought, “Showing concern about their use of these items would have been a sign of respect, but in fact we do not have such respect for them.… Since they are of inferior families, they are not to be respected, and so we pay no regard to them.”

Devanagari

अलं यदूनां नरदेवलाञ्छनै-
र्दातु: प्रतीपै: फणिनामिवामृतम् ।
येऽस्मत्प्रसादोपचिता हि यादवा
आज्ञापयन्त्यद्य गतत्रपा बत ॥ २७ ॥

Text

alaṁ yadūnāṁ naradeva-lāñchanair
dātuḥ pratīpaiḥ phaṇinām ivāmṛtam
ye ’smat-prasādopacitā hi yādavā
ājñāpayanty adya gata-trapā bata

Synonyms

alam — enough; yadūnām — for the Yadus; nara-deva — of kings; lāñchanaiḥ — with the symbols; dātuḥ — for the giver; pratīpaiḥ — adverse; phaṇinām — for snakes; iva — just like; amṛtam — nectar; ye — who; asmat — our; prasāda — by the grace; upacitāḥ — made prosperous; hi — indeed; yādavāḥ — the Yadus; ājñāpayanti — are ordering; adya — now; gata-trapāḥ — having lost shame; bata — indeed.

Translation

No longer should the Yadus be allowed to use these royal symbols, which now cause trouble for those who gave them, like milk fed to poisonous snakes. Having prospered by our grace, these Yādavas have now lost all shame and are daring to command us!

Devanagari

कथमिन्द्रोऽपि कुरुभिर्भीष्मद्रोणार्जुनादिभि: ।
अदत्तमवरुन्धीत सिंहग्रस्तमिवोरण: ॥ २८ ॥

Text

katham indro ’pi kurubhir
bhīṣma-droṇārjunādibhiḥ
adattam avarundhīta
siṁha-grastam ivoraṇaḥ

Synonyms

katham — how; indraḥ — Lord Indra; api — even; kurubhiḥ — by the Kurus; bhīṣma-droṇa-arjuna-ādibhiḥ — Bhīṣma, Droṇa, Arjuna and others; adattam — not given; avarundhīta — would usurp; siṁha — by a lion; grastam — that which has been seized; iva — as; uraṇaḥ — a sheep.

Translation

How would even Indra dare usurp anything that Bhīṣma, Droṇa, Arjuna or the other Kurus have not given him? It would be like a lamb claiming the lion’s kill.

Devanagari

श्रीबादरायणिरुवाच
जन्मबन्धुश्रियोन्नद्धमदास्ते भरतर्षभ ।
आश्राव्य रामं दुर्वाच्यमसभ्या: पुरमाविशन् ॥ २९ ॥

Text

śrī-bādarāyaṇir uvāca
janma-bandhu-śrīyonnaddha-
madās te bharatarṣabha
āśrāvya rāmaṁ durvācyam
asabhyāḥ puram āviśan

Synonyms

śrī-bādarāyaniḥ uvāca — Śukadeva Gosvāmī said; janma — of birth; bandhu — and relationships; śrīyā — by the opulences; unnaddha — made great; madāḥ — whose intoxication; te — they; bharata-ṛṣabha — O best of the descendants of Bharata; āśrāvya — making hear; rāmam — Lord Balarāma; durvācyam — their harsh words; asabhyāḥ — rude men; puram — the city; āviśan — entered.

Translation

Śrī Bādarāyaṇi said: O best of the Bhāratas, after the arrogant Kurus, thoroughly puffed up by the opulence of their high birth and relations, had spoken these harsh words to Lord Balarāma, they turned and went back to their city.

Devanagari

द‍ृष्ट्वा कुरूणां दौ:शील्यं श्रुत्वावाच्यानि चाच्युत: ।
अवोचत् कोपसंरब्धो दुष्प्रेक्ष्य: प्रहसन् मुहु: ॥ ३० ॥

Text

dṛṣṭvā kurūnāṁ dauḥśīlyaṁ
śrutvāvācyāni cācyutaḥ
avocat kopa-saṁrabdho
duṣprekṣyaḥ prahasan muhuḥ

Synonyms

dṛṣṭvā — seeing; kurūṇām — of the Kurus; dauḥśīlyam — the bad character; śrutvā — hearing; avācyāni — words not to be spoken; ca — and; acyutaḥ — infallible Lord Balarāma; avocat — He said; kopa — with anger; saṁrabdhaḥ — enraged; duṣprekṣyaḥ — difficult to look at; prahasan — laughing; muhuḥ — repeatedly.

Translation

Seeing the bad character of the Kurus and hearing their nasty words, the infallible Lord Balarāma became filled with rage. His countenance frightful to behold, He laughed repeatedly and spoke as follows.

Devanagari

नूनं नानामदोन्नद्धा: शान्तिं नेच्छन्त्यसाधव: ।
तेषां हि प्रशमो दण्ड: पशूनां लगुडो यथा ॥ ३१ ॥

Text

nūnaṁ nānā-madonnaddhāḥ
śāntiṁ necchanty asādhavaḥ
teṣāṁ hi praśamo daṇḍaḥ
paśūnāṁ laguḍo yathā

Synonyms

nūnam — certainly; nānā — by various; mada — by passions; unnaddhāḥ — puffed up; śāntim — peace; na icchanti — they do not desire; asādhavaḥ — scoundrels; teṣām — their; hi — indeed; praśamaḥ — pacification; daṇḍaḥ — physical punishment; paśūnām — for animals; laguḍaḥ — a stick; yathā — as.

Translation

[Lord Balarāma said:] “Clearly the many passions of these scoundrels have made them so proud that they do not want peace. Then let them be pacified by physical punishment, as animals are with a stick.

Devanagari

अहो यदून् सुसंरब्धान् कृष्णं च कुपितं शनै: ।
सान्‍त्‍वयित्वाहमेतेषां शममिच्छन्निहागत: ॥ ३२ ॥
त इमे मन्दमतय: कलहाभिरता: खला: ।
तं मामवज्ञाय मुहुर्दुर्भाषान् मानिनोऽब्रुवन् ॥ ३३ ॥

Text

aho yadūn su-saṁrabdhān
kṛṣṇaṁ ca kupitaṁ śanaiḥ
sāntvayitvāham eteṣāṁ
śamam icchann ihāgataḥ
ta ime manda-matayaḥ
kalahābhiratāḥ khalāḥ
taṁ mām avajñāya muhur
durbhāṣān mānino ’bruvan

Synonyms

aho — ah; yadūn — the Yadus; su-saṁrabdhān — boiling with rage; kṛṣṇam — Kṛṣṇa; ca — also; kupitam — angry; śanaiḥ — gradually; sāntvayitvā — having calmed; aham — I; eteṣām — for these (Kauravas); śamam — peace; icchan — desiring; iha — here; āgataḥ — came; te ime — those very ones (the Kurus); manda-matayaḥ — dull-headed; kalaha — to quarrel; abhiratāḥ — addicted; khalāḥ — wicked; tam — Him; mām — Myself; avajñāya — disrespecting; muhuḥ — repeatedly; durbhāṣān — harsh words; māninaḥ — being conceited; abruvan — they have spoken.

Translation

“Ah, only gradually was I able to calm the furious Yadus and Lord Kṛṣṇa, who was also enraged. Desiring peace for these Kauravas, I came here. But they are so dull-headed, fond of quarrel and mischievous by nature that they have repeatedly disrespected Me. Out of conceit they dared to address Me with harsh words!

Devanagari

नोग्रसेन: किल विभुर्भोजवृष्ण्यन्धकेश्वर: ।
शक्रादयो लोकपाला यस्यादेशानुवर्तिन: ॥ ३४ ॥

Text

nograsenaḥ kila vibhur
bhoja-vṛṣṇy-andhakeśvaraḥ
śakrādayo loka-pālā
yasyādeśānuvartinaḥ

Synonyms

na — not; ugrasenaḥ — King Ugrasena; kila — indeed; vibhuḥ — fit to command; bhoja-vṛṣṇi-andhaka — of the Bhojas, Vṛṣṇis and Andhakas; īśvaraḥ — the lord; śakra-ādayaḥ — Indra and other demigods; loka — of planets; pālāḥ — the rulers; yasya — of whose; ādeśa — orders; anuvartinaḥ — followers.

Translation

“King Ugrasena, the lord of the Bhojas, Vṛṣṇis and Andhakas, is not fit to command, when Indra and other planetary rulers obey his orders?

Devanagari

सुधर्माक्रम्यते येन पारिजातोऽमराङ्‍‍घ्रिप: ।
आनीय भुज्यते सोऽसौ न किलाध्यासनार्हण: ॥ ३५ ॥

Text

sudharmākramyate yena
pārijāto ’marāṅghripaḥ
ānīya bhujyate so ’sau
na kilādhyāsanārhaṇaḥ

Synonyms

sudharmā — Sudharmā, the royal council-chamber of heaven; ākramyate — occupies; yena — by whom (Lord Kṛṣṇa); pārijātaḥ — known as pārijāta; amara — of the immortal demigods; aṅghripaḥ — the tree; ānīya — being brought; bhujyate — is enjoyed; saḥ asau — that same person; na — not; kila — indeed; adhyāsana — an elevated seat; arhaṇaḥ — deserving.

Translation

“That same Kṛṣṇa who occupies the Sudharmā assembly hall and for His enjoyment took the pārijāta tree from the immortal demigods — that very Kṛṣṇa is indeed not fit to sit on a royal throne?

Purport

Here Lord Balarāma angrily states, “Never mind the Yadus — these rascal Kauravas even dare to insult Lord Kṛṣṇa!”

Devanagari

यस्य पादयुगं साक्षाच्छ्रीरुपास्तेऽखिलेश्वरी ।
स नार्हति किल श्रीशो नरदेवपरिच्छदान् ॥ ३६ ॥

Text

yasya pāda-yugaṁ sākṣāc
chrīr upāste ’khileśvarī
sa nārhati kila śrīśo
naradeva-paricchadān

Synonyms

yasya — whose; pāda-yugam — two feet; sākṣāt — herself; śrīḥ — the goddess of fortune; upāste — worships; akhila — of the whole universe; īśvarī — the ruler; saḥ — He; na arhati — does not deserve; kila — indeed; śrī-īśaḥ — the master of the goddess of fortune; nara-deva — of a human king; paricchadān — the paraphernalia.

Translation

“The goddess of fortune herself, ruler of the entire universe, worships His feet. And the master of the goddess of fortune does not deserve the paraphernalia of a mortal king?

Devanagari

यस्याङ्‍‍घ्रिपङ्कजरजोऽखिललोकपालै-
र्मौल्युत्तमैर्धृतमुपासिततीर्थतीर्थम् ।
ब्रह्मा भवोऽहमपि यस्य कला: कलाया:
श्रीश्चोद्वहेम चिरमस्य नृपासनं क्व‍ ॥ ३७ ॥

Text

yasyāṅghri-paṅkaja-rajo ’khila-loka-pālair
mauly-uttamair dhṛtam upāsita-tīrtha-tīrtham
brahmā bhavo ’ham api yasya kalāḥ kalāyāḥ
śrīś codvahema ciram asya nṛpāsanaṁ kva

Synonyms

yasya — whose; aṅghri — of the feet; paṅkaja — lotuslike; rajaḥ — the dust; akhila — of all; loka — worlds; pālaiḥ — by the rulers; mauli — on their helmets; uttamaiḥ — exalted; dhṛtam — held; upāsita — worshipable; tīrtha — of holy places; tīrtham — the source of holiness; brahmā — Lord Brahmā; bhavaḥ — Lord Śiva; aham — I; api — also; yasya — whose; kalāḥ — portions; kalāyāḥ — of a portion; śrīḥ — the goddess of fortune; ca — also; udvahema — carry carefully; ciram — constantly; asya — His; nṛpa-āsanam — king’s throne; kva — where.

Translation

“The dust of Kṛṣṇa’s lotus feet, which is the source of holiness for all places of pilgrimage, is worshiped by all the great demigods. The principal deities of all planets are engaged in His service, and they consider themselves most fortunate to take the dust of the lotus feet of Kṛṣṇa on their crowns. Great demigods like Lord Brahmā and Lord Śiva, and even the goddess of fortune and I, are simply parts of His spiritual identity, and we also carefully carry that dust on our heads. And still Kṛṣṇa is not fit to use the royal insignia or even sit on the royal throne?

Purport

The above translation is based on Śrīla Prabhupāda’s Kṛṣṇa, the Supreme Personality of Godhead. According to Śrīla Śrīdhara Svāmī, the place of pilgrimage especially referred to here is the Ganges River. The Ganges water is inundating the whole world, and since it is emanating from Kṛṣṇa’s lotus feet, its banks have turned into great places of pilgrimage.

Devanagari

भुञ्जते कुरुभिर्दत्तं भूखण्डं वृष्णय: किल ।
उपानह: किल वयं स्वयं तु कुरव: शिर: ॥ ३८ ॥

Text

bhuñjate kurubhir dattaṁ
bhū-khaṇḍaṁ vṛṣṇayaḥ kila
upānahaḥ kila vayaṁ
svayaṁ tu kuravaḥ śiraḥ

Synonyms

bhuñjate — they enjoy; kurubhiḥ — by the Kurus; dattam — granted; bhū — of land; khaṇḍam — a limited parcel; vṛṣṇayaḥ — the Vṛṣṇis; kila — indeed; upānahaḥ — shoes; kila — indeed; vayam — we; svayam — themselves; tu — however; kuravaḥ — the Kurus; śiraḥ — the head.

Translation

“We Vṛṣṇis enjoy only whatever small parcel of land the Kurus allow us? And we are indeed shoes, whereas the Kurus are the head?

Devanagari

अहो ऐश्वर्यमत्तानां मत्तानामिव मानिनाम् ।
असम्बद्धा गिरो रुक्षा: क: सहेतानुशासिता ॥ ३९ ॥

Text

aho aiśvarya-mattānāṁ
mattānām iva māninām
asambaddhā giṛo rukṣāḥ
kaḥ sahetānuśāsītā

Synonyms

aho — ah; aiśvarya — with their ruling power; mattānām — of those who are mad; mattānām — of those who are physically intoxicated; iva — as if; māninām — who are proud; asambaddhāḥ — incoherent and absurd; giraḥ — words; rukṣāḥ — harsh; kaḥ — who; saheta — can tolerate; anuśāsītā — commander.

Translation

“Just see how these puffed-up Kurus are intoxicated with their so-called power, like ordinary drunken men! What actual ruler, with the power to command, would tolerate their foolish, nasty words?

Devanagari

अद्य निष्कौरवं पृथ्वीं करिष्यामीत्यमर्षित: ।
गृहीत्वा हलमुत्तस्थौ दहन्निव जगत्‍त्रयम् ॥ ४० ॥

Text

adya niṣkauravāṁ pṛthvīṁ
kariṣyāmīty amarṣitaḥ
gṛhītvā halam uttasthau
dahann iva jagat-trayam

Synonyms

adya — today; niṣkauravāṁ — devoid of Kauravas; pṛthvīm — the earth; kariṣyāmi — I shall make; iti — thus speaking; amarṣitaḥ — angry; gṛhītvā — taking; halam — His plow; uttasthau — He stood; dahan — burning; iva — as if; jagat — the worlds; trayam — three.

Translation

“Today I shall rid the earth of the Kauravas!” declared the furious Balarāma. Thus He took His plow weapon and rose up as if to set the three worlds ablaze.

Devanagari

लाङ्गलाग्रेण नगरमुद्विदार्य गजाह्वयम् ।
विचकर्ष स गङ्गायां प्रहरिष्यन्नमर्षित: ॥ ४१ ॥

Text

lāṅgalāgreṇa nagaram
udvidārya gajāhvayam
vicakarṣa sa gaṅgāyāṁ
prahariṣyann amarṣitaḥ

Synonyms

lāṅgala — of His plow; agreṇa — with the tip; nagaram — the city; udvidārya — tearing up; gajāhvayam — Hastināpura; vicakarṣa — dragged; saḥ — He; gaṅgāyām — in the Ganges; prahariṣyan — about to cast it; amarṣitaḥ — enraged.

Translation

The Lord angrily dug up Hastināpura with the tip of His plow and began to drag it, intending to cast the entire city into the Ganges.

Purport

Śrīla Prabhupāda writes as follows: “Lord Balarāma seemed so furious that He looked as if He could burn the whole cosmic creation to ashes. He stood up steadily and, taking His plow in His hand, began striking the earth with it. In this way the whole city of Hastināpura was separated from the earth. Lord Balarāma then began to drag the city toward the flowing water of the river Ganges. Because of this, there was a great tremor throughout Hastināpura, as if there had been an earthquake, and it seemed that the whole city would be dismantled.”

Śrīla Viśvanātha Cakravartī states that by the Lord’s desire His plow had increased in size, and that as Balarāma began dragging Hastināpura toward the water, He ordered the Ganges, “Except for Sāmba, you should attack and kill everyone in the city with your water.” Thus He would fulfill His promise to rid the earth of the Kauravas while making sure that nothing would happen to Sāmba.

Devanagari

जलयानमिवाघूर्णं गङ्गायां नगरं पतत् ।
आकृष्यमाणमालोक्य कौरवा: जातसम्भ्रमा: ॥ ४२ ॥
तमेव शरणं जग्मु: सकुटुम्बा जिजीविषव: ।
सलक्ष्मणं पुरस्कृत्य साम्बं प्राञ्जलय: प्रभुम् ॥ ४३ ॥

Text

jala-yānam ivāghūrṇaṁ
gaṅgāyāṁ nagaraṁ patat
ākṛṣyamāṇam ālokya
kauravāḥ jāta-sambhramāḥ
tam eva śaraṇaṁ jagmuḥ
sa-kuṭumbā jijīviṣavaḥ
sa-lakṣmaṇaṁ puras-kṛtya
sāmbaṁ prāñjalayaḥ prabhum

Synonyms

jala-yānam — a raft; iva — as if; āghūrṇam — tumbling about; gaṅgāyām — into the Ganges; nagaram — the city; patat — falling; ākṛṣyamāṇam — being dragged; ālokya — seeing; kauravāḥ — the Kauravas; jāta — becoming; sambhramāḥ — excited and bewildered; tam — to Him, Lord Balarāma; eva — indeed; śaraṇam — for shelter; jagmuḥ — they went; sa — with; kuṭumbaḥ — their families; jijīviṣavaḥ — wanting to remain alive; sa — with; lakṣmaṇam — Lakṣmaṇā; puraḥ-kṛtya — placing in front; sāmbam — Sāmba; prāñjalayaḥ — with palms joined in supplication; prabhum — to the Lord.

Translation

Seeing that their city was tumbling about like a raft at sea as it was being dragged away, and that it was about to fall into the Ganges, the Kauravas became terrified. To save their lives they approached the Lord for shelter, taking their families with them. Placing Sāmba and Lakṣmaṇā in front, they joined their palms in supplication.

Purport

The city of Hastināpura began to roll about like a raft in a stormy sea. The frightened Kauravas, to quickly appease the Lord, immediately brought Sāmba and Lakṣmaṇā and placed them in front.

Devanagari

राम रामाखिलाधार प्रभावं न विदाम ते ।
मूढानां न: कुबुद्धीनां क्षन्तुमर्हस्यतिक्रमम् ॥ ४४ ॥

Text

rāma rāmākhilādhāra
prabhāvaṁ na vidāma te
mūḍhānāṁ naḥ ku-buddhīnāṁ
kṣantum arhasy atikramam

Synonyms

rāma rāma — O Rāma, Rāma; akhila — of everything; ādhāra — O foundation; prabhāvam — power; na vidāma — we do not know; te — Your; mūḍhānām — of befooled persons; naḥ — us; ku — bad; buddhīnām — whose understanding; kṣantum arhasi — You should please forgive; atikramam — the offense.

Translation

[The Kauravas said:] O Rāma, Rāma, foundation of everything! We know nothing of Your power. Please excuse our offense, for we are ignorant and misguided.

Devanagari

स्थित्युत्पत्त्यप्ययानां त्वमेको हेतुर्निराश्रय: ।
लोकान् क्रीडनकानीश क्रीडतस्ते वदन्ति हि ॥ ४५ ॥

Text

sthity-utpatty-apyayānāṁ tvam
eko hetur nirāśrayaḥ
lokān krīḍanakān īśa
krīḍatas te vadanti hi

Synonyms

sthiti — of maintenance; utpatti — creation; apyayānām — and destruction; tvam — You; ekaḥ — alone; hetuḥ — the cause; nirāśrayaḥ — without any other basis; lokān — the worlds; krīḍanakān — playthings; īśa — O Lord; krīḍataḥ — who are playing; te — Your; vadanti — they say; hi — indeed.

Translation

You alone cause the creation, maintenance and annihilation of the cosmos, and of You there is no prior cause. Indeed, O Lord, authorities say that the worlds are mere playthings for You as You perform Your pastimes.

Devanagari

त्वमेव मूर्ध्नीदमनन्त लीलया
भूमण्डलं बिभर्षि सहस्रमूर्धन् ।
अन्ते च य: स्वात्मनिरुद्धविश्व:
शेषेऽद्वितीय: परिशिष्यमाण: ॥ ४६ ॥

Text

tvam eva mūrdhnīdam ananta līlayā
bhū-maṇḍalaṁ bibharṣi sahasra-mūrdhan
ante ca yaḥ svātma-niruddha-viśvaḥ
śeṣe ’dvitīyaḥ pariśiṣyamāṇaḥ

Synonyms

tvam — You; eva — alone; mūrdhni — on Your head; idam — this; ananta — O unlimited one; līlayā — easily, as a pastime; bhū — of the earth; maṇḍalam — the globe; bibharṣi — (You) carry; sahasra-mūrdhan — O thousand-headed Lord; ante — in the end; ca — and; yaḥ — the one who; sva — Your own; ātma — within the body; niruddha — having withdrawn; viśvaḥ — the universe; śeṣe — You lie; advitīyaḥ — without a second; pariśiṣyamāṇaḥ — remaining.

Translation

O unlimited one of a thousand heads, as Your pastime You carry this earthly globe upon one of Your heads. At the time of annihilation You withdraw the entire universe within Your body and, remaining all alone, lie down to rest.

Devanagari

कोपस्तेऽखिलशिक्षार्थं न द्वेषान्न च मत्सरात् ।
बिभ्रतो भगवन् सत्त्वं स्थितिपालनतत्पर: ॥ ४७ ॥

Text

kopas te ’khila-śikṣārthaṁ
na dveṣān na ca matsarāt
bibhrato bhagavan sattvaṁ
sthiti-pālana-tatparaḥ

Synonyms

kopaḥ — anger; te — Your; akhila — of everyone; śikṣā — for the instruction; artham — meant; na — not; dveṣāt — out of hatred; na ca — nor; matsarāt — out of envy; bibhrataḥ — of You who are sustaining; bhagavan — O Supreme Lord; sattvam — the mode of goodness; sthiti — maintenance; pālana — and protection; tat-paraḥ — having as its intent.

Translation

Your anger is meant for instructing everyone; it is not a manifestation of hatred or envy. O Supreme Lord, You sustain the pure mode of goodness, and You become angry only to maintain and protect this world.

Purport

The Kurus admit that Lord Balarāma’s anger was entirely appropriate and in fact was meant for their benefit. As Śrīla Viśvanātha Cakravartī puts it, the Kurus meant to say, “Because You exhibited this anger, we have now become civilized, whereas previously we were wicked and could not see You, blinded as we were by pride.”

Devanagari

नमस्ते सर्वभूतात्मन् सर्वशक्तिधराव्यय ।
विश्वकर्मन् नमस्तेऽस्तु त्वां वयं शरणं गता: ॥ ४८ ॥

Text

namas te sarva-bhūtātman
sarva-śakti-dharāvyaya
viśva-karman namas te ’stu
tvāṁ vayaṁ śaraṇaṁ gatāḥ

Synonyms

namaḥ — obeisances; te — to You; sarva — of all; bhūta — beings; ātman — O Soul; sarva — of all; śakti — energies; dhara — O holder; avyaya — O undepletable one; viśva — of the universe; karman — O maker; namaḥ — obeisances; te — to You; astu — let there be; tvām — to You; vayam — we; śaraṇam — for shelter; gatāḥ — have come.

Translation

We bow down to You, O Soul of all beings, O wielder of all potencies, O tireless maker of the universe! Offering You obeisances, we take shelter of You.

Purport

The Kauravas clearly realized that their lives and destinies were in the hands of the Lord.

Devanagari

श्रीशुक उवाच
एवं प्रपन्नै: संविग्नैर्वेपमानायनैर्बल: ।
प्रसादित: सुप्रसन्नो मा भैष्टेत्यभयं ददौ ॥ ४९ ॥

Text

śrī-śuka uvāca
evaṁ prapannaiḥ saṁvignair
vepamānāyanair balaḥ
prasāditaḥ su-prasanno
mā bhaiṣṭety abhayaṁ dadau

Synonyms

śrī-śukaḥ uvāca — Śukadeva Gosvāmī said; evam — thus; prapannaiḥ — by those who were surrendering; saṁvignaiḥ — greatly distressed; vepamāna — shaking; ayanaiḥ — whose place of residence; balaḥ — Lord Balarāma; prasāditaḥ — propitiated; su — very; prasannaḥ — calm and gracious; bhaiṣṭa — do not be afraid; iti — thus saying; abhayam — relief from fear; dadau — He gave.

Translation

Śukadeva Gosvāmī said: Thus propitiated by the Kurus, whose city was trembling and who were surrendering to Him in great distress, Lord Balarāma became very calm and kindly disposed toward them. “Do not be afraid,” He said, and took away their fear.

Devanagari

दुर्योधन: पारिबर्हं कुञ्जरान् षष्टिहायनान् ।
ददौ च द्वादशशतान्ययुतानि तुरङ्गमान् ॥ ५० ॥
रथानां षट्‍सहस्राणि रौक्‍माणां सूर्यवर्चसाम् ।
दासीनां निष्ककण्ठीनां सहस्रं दुहितृवत्सल: ॥ ५१ ॥

Text

duryodhanaḥ pāribarhaṁ
kuñjarān ṣaṣṭi-hāyanān
dadau ca dvādaśa-śatāny
ayutāni turaṅgamān
rathānāṁ ṣaṭ-sahasrāṇi
raukmāṇāṁ sūrya-varcasām
dāsīnāṁ niṣka-kaṇṭhīnāṁ
sahasraṁ duhitṛ-vatsalaḥ

Synonyms

duryodhanaḥ — Duryodhana; pāribarham — as a dowry; kuñjarān — elephants; ṣaṣṭi — sixty; hāyanān — years old; dadau — gave; ca — and; dvādaśa — twelve; śatāni — hundred; ayutāni — tens of thousands; turaṅgamān — horses; rathānām — of chariots; ṣaṭ-sahasrāṇi — six thousand; raukmāṇām — golden; sūrya — (like) the sun; varcasām — whose effulgence; dāsīnām — of maidservants; niṣka — jeweled lockets; kaṇṭthīnām — on whose throats; sahasram — one thousand; duhitṛ — for his daughter; vatsalaḥ — having fatherly affection.

Translation

Duryodhana, being very affectionate to his daughter, gave as her dowry 1,200 sixty-year-old elephants, 120,000 horses, 6,000 golden chariots shining like the sun, and 1,000 maidservants with jeweled lockets on their necks.

Devanagari

प्रतिगृह्य तु तत्सर्वं भगवान् सात्वतर्षभ: ।
ससुत: सस्‍नुष: प्रायात् सुहृद्भ‍िरभिनन्दित: ॥ ५२ ॥

Text

pratigṛhya tu tat sarvaṁ
bhagavān sātvatarṣabhaḥ
sa-sutaḥ sa-snuṣaḥ prāyāt
suhṛdbhir abhinanditaḥ

Synonyms

pratigṛhya — accepting; tu — and; tat — that; sarvam — all; bhagavān — the Supreme Lord; sātvata — of the Yādavas; ṛṣabhaḥ — the chief; sa — with; sutaḥ — His son; sa — and with; snuṣaḥ — His daughter-in-law; prāyāt — He departed; su-hṛdbhiḥ — by His well-wishers (the Kurus); abhinanditaḥ — bid farewell.

Translation

The Supreme Lord, chief of the Yādavas, accepted all these gifts and then departed with His son and daughter-in-law as His well-wishers bid Him farewell.

Devanagari

तत: प्रविष्ट: स्वपुरं हलायुध:
समेत्य बन्धूननुरक्तचेतस: ।
शशंस सर्वं यदुपुङ्गवानां
मध्ये सभायां कुरुषु स्वचेष्टितम् ॥ ५३ ॥

Text

tataḥ praviṣṭaḥ sva-puraṁ halāyudhaḥ
sametya bandhūn anurakta-cetasaḥ
śaśaṁsa sarvaṁ yadu-puṅgavānāṁ
madhye sabhāyāṁ kuruṣu sva-ceṣṭitam

Synonyms

tataḥ — then; praviṣṭaḥ — having entered; sva — His; puram — city; hala-āyudhaḥ — Lord Balarāma, who has a plow weapon; sametya — meeting; bandhūn — His relatives; anurakta — attached to Him; cetasaḥ — whose hearts; śaśaṁsa — He related; sarvam — everything; yadu-puṅgavānām — of the leaders of the Yadus; madhye — in the midst; sabhāyām — of the assembly; kuruṣu — among the Kurus; sva — His own; ceṣṭitam — action.

Translation

Then Lord Halāyudha entered His city [Dvārakā] and met His relatives, whose hearts were all bound to Him in loving attachment. In the assembly hall He reported to the Yadu leaders everything about His dealings with the Kurus.

Devanagari

अद्यापि च पुरं ह्येतत् सूचयद् रामविक्रमम् ।
समुन्नतं दक्षिणतो गङ्गायामनुद‍ृश्यते ॥ ५४ ॥

Text

adyāpi ca puraṁ hy etat
sūcayad rāma-vikramam
samunnataṁ dakṣiṇato
gaṅgāyām anudṛśyate

Synonyms

adya — today; api — even; ca — and; puram — city; hi — indeed; etat — this; sūcayat — showing the signs of; rāma — of Lord Balarāma; vikramam — the prowess; samunnatam — prominently elevated; dakṣiṇataḥ — on the southern side; gaṅgāyām — by the Ganges; anudṛśyate — is seen.

Translation

Even today the city of Hastināpura is visibly elevated on its southern side along the Ganges, thus showing the signs of Lord Balarāma’s prowess.

Purport

Śrīla Prabhupāda writes as follows: “For the most part it was the practice of the kṣatriya kings to inaugurate some kind of fighting between the parties of the bride and bridegroom before the marriage. When Sāmba forcibly took away Lakṣmaṇa, the elderly members of the Kuru dynasty were pleased to see that he was actually the suitable match for her. In order to see his personal strength, however, they fought with him, and without any respect for the regulations of fighting, they all arrested him. When the Yadu dynasty decided to release Sāmba from the confinement of the Kurus, Lord Balarāma came personally to settle the matter, and, as a powerful kṣatriya, He ordered them to free Sāmba immediately. The Kauravas became superficially insulted by this order, so they challenged Lord Balarāma’s power. They simply wanted to see Him exhibit His inconceivable strength. Thus with great pleasure they handed over their daughter to Sāmba, and the whole matter was settled. Duryodhana, being affectionate toward his daughter Lakṣmaṇā, had her married to Sāmba in great pomp.… Balarāma was very satisfied after His great reception from the side of the Kurus, and accompanied by the newly married couple, He started toward His capital city of Dvārakā.

“Lord Balarāma triumphantly reached Dvārakā, where He met with many citizens who were all His devotees and friends. When they all assembled, Lord Balarāma narrated the whole story of the marriage, and they were astonished to hear how Balarāma had made the city of Hastināpura tremble.”

Thus end the purports of the humble servants of His Divine Grace A.C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupāda to the Tenth Canto, Sixty-eighth Chapter, of the Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam, entitled “The Marriage of Sāmba.”